Chapter 1126 Construction Plan for Tunnel No. 1

Yang Xin, a native of Dongxin County, had been working in a coal mine before. He was very experienced in mining and geological surveys, and also had experience in coal mining, so he was transferred to the geological exploration team.

In addition to open-pit coal mines, the methods used for coal mining also include a combination of vertical shafts and tunnels. Theoretically, tunneling is no different from coal mining.

At this time, Yang Xin was gathered with several technicians, writing and calculating on the ground with branches, discussing with each other. When he heard You Fu's question, he introduced the situation.

"Mr. You, we have almost discussed the construction plan. According to the field measurements in the past few days, we found that the total length of Tunnel No. 1 is 3,246 meters. If it is only used to pass the Endeavour train, then this tunnel is actually quite simple to build.

"However, the leader said that all tunnels and bridges on the Qitai Line must be able to pass heavy-load trains, so that the existing bridges and tunnels cannot be used when the trains are replaced in the future. At that time, we have to do it again, so we just do it in one step.

"But in this case, the tunnel will be difficult to repair."

You Fu frowned immediately upon hearing this, and said unhappily.

"I didn't ask you whether it was difficult or not, I just asked you, can it be constructed? When can we start working?!"

"Uh"

Yang Xin was speechless for a while, as if Party B was introducing the technical difficulties to Party A, and Party A's father waved his hand impatiently and asked if the goods could be delivered on time.

He was depressed for a while, and then continued.

"Of course it can be done. The total length of this tunnel is 3246 meters. It only needs to be divided into four sections with three nodes in the middle, which is exactly 800 meters each.

"In addition, the indicators set by the leader are that the tunnel must meet the requirements of heavy-duty trains running in parallel on two lines.

"According to the data provided by the leader, the width of the carriage of the heavy-load train in the future is 4.3 meters, and the height of the carriage is 5 meters. If the two lines are laid side by side, there must be some space between the trains and between the trains and the tunnels. With this calculation, the tunnel must be at least ten meters wide, and preferably 12 meters wide.

"In addition, there is the height of the tunnel. The train carriage is five meters high, plus the train chassis? Plus the rails and sleepers? And the foundation needs to be laid? There must be a chimney on the front of the front car? These are all heights.

"Finally, the tunnel also needs smoke exhaust, ventilation, and lighting. In the end, we all agreed that the height of the tunnel must be at least ten meters, and it would be better if it could reach 12 meters."

You Fu nodded when he heard this. The tunnel must meet the needs of two heavy-load trains at the same time, so the size of the tunnel must be at least this number, a tunnel with a diameter of 12 meters.

So he continued to ask.

"This size is fine, but what about the specific construction plan? Can the geological conditions here meet such requirements?"

Yang Xin immediately pointed to the sketch on the ground and introduced it.

"There is no problem with the geological conditions. We have already conducted a thorough survey. The main materials of this mountain are quartz and basalt, and the other is ordinary bluestone, which is the kind of stratified rock. The entire mountain is made up of stone, and the soil layer is not very thick. We are digging tunnels on the stone, which will not cause any mudslides.

" "Then there is the specific construction plan. We plan to divide the entire tunnel into four sections with three nodes in the middle. At each node, a vertical shaft will be dug from top to bottom. In this way, there will be a total of three shafts for smoke exhaust, ventilation, and natural light illumination. The diameter of each vertical shaft is about ten meters.

"In this way, we can send two teams from the shaft and the tunnel entrance respectively, and everyone will dig towards the middle at the same time, so as to shorten the digging time and complete the project as soon as possible.

"As for the specific excavation method, we can use the blasting method. First, we use an air hammer to dig the cracks along the tunnel contour, and then drill holes in the middle for blasting. This can prevent the cracks from expanding during blasting and causing the entire tunnel to collapse

. We dig out the cracks first, and when the blasting reaches the cracks, it will naturally stop. "If we don't need to blast, we can also use the fire and water method, using the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, to excavate the tunnel.

"In addition, the leader specifically explained that we must be careful about water seepage in the mountain when excavating the tunnel, so drainage work must also be done well.

"Also, every ten meters or so, we must use reinforced concrete to consolidate the walls and dome of the tunnel to prevent landslides."

You Fu looked at the sketch on the ground and nodded continuously. After Yang Xin finished explaining the specific methods, he immediately made the decision.

"Okay, let's do it according to your method. We will first repair this No. 1 tunnel. After the No. 1 tunnel is built and we have experience, we can expand the team and excavate more tunnels at the same time."

Yang Xin also said excitedly, "Then let's get ready! "

This is the first railway tunnel in the Han tribe. This has never been done before. In the foreseeable future, as long as I lead people to repair this tunnel, it will definitely be included in the textbooks in the future. The tunnel excavation method will definitely be written into the textbooks of architecture.

In this way, the construction method of the tunnel was determined, and a group of people began to divide the work and were busy.

On the first day of the project, everyone first cut down the vegetation on the mountain at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, and directly cut down the surrounding vegetation. After cutting, they burned it again, and then started to use excavators to remove the soil layer on the surface of the mountain.

The huge mountain was directly gnawed by the excavator to dig a gap, and the excavator dug down. The earth and rocks that had been brought in were piled up nearby, and a large platform was built halfway up the mountain. At the entrance to the tunnel in the mountain, a vertical wall was basically cut out. The next tunnel they were going to dig was on this vertical wall in front of them.

All the preparations had been completed. The engineering team built a wooden house on a flat piece of land halfway up the mountain, cut down trees in the mountains to build a camp, and then built a barn to store the twenty carts of food and one cart of coal that had been transported.

At this point, the tractors and horse-drawn carriages were freed up, and the project had officially begun. You Fu asked them to go back and transport more food to Qi'an County . Building materials and supplies, such as coal, were brought in. The normal operation of several construction machines depended on these fuels.

Yang Xin, with the engineering and technical team, took out a simple projection box. He also learned how to make this from Luo Chong. It was a simple wooden box with a semicircular hole on it.

There were spirit levels embedded in the four corners of the wooden box. First, use this thing to find the horizontal position of the wooden box. Then, when it was dark, put a calcium carbide lamp in the wooden box. In an instant, a semicircular light and shadow was projected onto the stone wall at the entrance of the tunnel.

Someone immediately took out a rope to measure the width and height of the light and shadow. When they found that the light and shadow were not wide or high enough, The projector was moved back a little, until the semicircular light and shadow reached 13 meters wide and more than 12 meters high, the position of the projector was determined.

Then someone immediately took a bamboo pole tied with rags, dipped the rags on the top into white lime, and outlined the edge on the stone wall along the outline of the light and shadow. The area within the semicircle was the part that needed to be excavated.

However, according to Yang Xin's construction plan, it was necessary to use an air hammer to dig out a seam in the outer circle first to prevent excessive cracking during blasting or water stimulation. If this process was omitted, the fuse might be triggered and the entire tunnel would collapse directly, which would be troublesome.

(End of this chapter)