Chapter 331 Metal Base
Today, Wu Tong's knowledge reserves can be said to be extensive and he can be called a walking library due to his continuous and rapid learning, understanding and mastering as well as the accumulation of time.
Various materials and information can be said to be readily available.
Instantly, detailed information about the top ten high-temperature resistant materials in the physics world jumped out from Wu Tong's reserve memory and emerged in Wu Tong's mind.
At present, the substance with the highest melting point in nature is hafnium alloy. Hafnium alloy contains the metal element hafnium. The substance with the highest known melting point is the hafnium compound, tantalum hafnium pentacarbide Ta4HfC5, with a melting point of 4215 degrees Celsius.
The second is graphite, which is an allotrope of elemental carbon. Its melting point is 3850±50℃ and boiling point is 4250℃. Even after being burned by ultra-high temperature electric arc, its weight loss is very small and its thermal expansion coefficient is also very small. The strength of graphite increases with the increase of temperature. At 2000℃, the strength of graphite doubles.
The third is diamond, which is commonly known as "diamond drill". It is also the original form of diamond. It is also a mineral composed of carbon. It is also an allotrope of carbon. It is also the hardest substance known to exist naturally, with a melting point of 3550°C. However, all the valence electrons of diamond are involved in the formation of covalent bonds, there are no free electrons, and it is not conductive.
The first three have their own advantages and disadvantages, but they are all more or less unsuitable.
Wu Tong's focus is more on the fourth-ranked metal tungsten, which has an atomic number of 74, an atomic weight of 183.84, and a melting point of 3400°C.
It is steel gray or silver white in color, has high hardness, high melting point, and is not corroded by air at room temperature... It is a good choice for projectile material. The most important thing is that China is still the world's largest tungsten reserve country, and will not be strangled by the international community if tungsten is used on a large scale and reserves are insufficient.
As the most heat-resistant metal, tungsten and tungsten alloys have actually come into the eyes of aerospace scientific researchers. It has a high density and the highest strength among refractory metals. It also has a high elastic modulus, a small expansion coefficient, and a low vapor pressure.
Tungsten alloy with alloying elements has good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. The mechanical design and safety performance of aerospace equipment are closely related to the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the materials used.
Tungsten metal has a series of excellent physical and chemical properties that can meet the material performance requirements of aerospace, so it is now increasingly widely used in some key components of satellites, aircraft, aero engines and other equipment.
The absolute deduction instinct and the absolute determination of the deduction direction also told Wu Tong that her choice was not wrong. Pure metal tungsten is difficult to process and brittle, so it is definitely not possible to use it directly as a projectile material.
Otherwise, domestic elastic materials would have been used long ago, and there would be no need for her to use them here and derive new materials.
On this basis, she needs to derive the process technology that can correctly utilize tungsten while maintaining its superior performance, and develop new tungsten materials for use in the most critical warhead material.
Time slipped away quietly during the research and development of Wu Tong, bringing the breath of spring and the joy of Wu Tong's harvest.
Single crystal technology, which can positively utilize material properties and increase material properties year-on-year, was naturally used by Wu Tong. After extensive calculations and deductions, it was not difficult to derive single crystal tungsten suitable for warhead material.
The most difficult part of this step is the order in which the lattice is arranged and extended.
Today, Wu Tong has a deeper understanding of the co-bond effect, which is her specialty. The arrangement of the crystal lattice can be said to have opened up a new chapter in Wu Tong's hands.
Wu Tong piled up the manuscripts on the corner of the table, verifying Wu Tong's initial breakthrough in hypersonic missiles. They were properly stored in the opened confidential box and later placed in the safe for safekeeping. Wu Tong raised a smile at the corner of his lips, which was an affirmation of his work.
The successful deduction of the warhead material in the first step seemed to indicate that the subsequent research and development would go smoothly. Wu Tong took advantage of his enthusiasm and began the second step of research on the main arrow body material.
Wu Tong values tungsten metal more because it can improve the high-temperature hardness of steel. The performance parameters of MC-4 special steel are actually very superior. Wu Tong continued to expand on this basis and use it as the main projectile material. This step of deduction is to optimize it again on the original basis, which is still not too difficult for Wu Tong.
Design models, deduce parameters, design preparation processes... After a series of deductions and simulations, the second main projectile material MCW-1, a metal-based heat-resistant material with tungsten as the core, was born in Wu Tong's hands.
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are composite materials that are based on metals and their alloys and artificially combined with one or more metal or non-metal reinforcements.
Its reinforcing materials are mostly inorganic non-metals, such as ceramics, carbon, graphite and boron, etc. Metal wires can also be used. It, together with polymer-based composites, ceramic-based composites and carbon/carbon composites, constitutes a modern composite material system.
Although it was her first time to play with metal-based materials, she has mastered a lot of materials. After nearly two years of research and development, Wu Tong has achieved a breakthrough in materials. She can almost be said to be able to play with all kinds of materials at her fingertips. She can innovate and make light of all kinds of materials.
The birth of the new micro-nano composite-oxidation pressing technology has once again filled the domestic technological gap and laid the foundation for the creation of metal-based materials.
She uses nano-scale ultra-high temperature ceramic MC-4 phase and micron-scale tungsten matrix coherent reinforcement to achieve the reinforcement of ceramic relative to refractory matrix and the reinforcement of refractory metal, thereby achieving high-temperature toughening of the material, anti-oxidation of the matrix and lightweighting.
At the same time, through the surface oxidation inhibition design, a gradient composite ceramic thermal protection layer is in situ grown on the surface of the substrate, which has high thermal matching and strong metallurgical bonding with the substrate, and nano-ceramic phase reinforced refractory metal matrix composites are prepared by micro-nano composite in situ reaction, achieving high temperature and high strength and toughness of the substrate, and an integrated design with the substrate, thereby achieving high radiation, long-term anti-oxidation and anti-ablation.
In Wu Tong's predicted performance, this tungsten core metal-based heat-resistant material has a tensile strength that is at the upper limit of ordinary alloy metals, and its high-temperature strength can be further improved, easily reaching 3000MPa. It can also withstand ultra-high temperatures of 3000℃ without too much burning, and can maintain nearly perfect mechanical properties!
The main material of the missile body is completed again, and the tensile strength and high temperature resistance are to be enhanced, but the weight cannot be increased. The weight of the missile body is also a key factor affecting the speed and maneuverability.
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