Today, Wu Tong's knowledge reserves can be said to be extensive and he can be called a walking library due to his continuous and rapid learning, understanding and mastery as well as the accumulation of time.
Various materials and information can be easily obtained.
Instantly, detailed information about the top ten high-temperature resistant materials in the physics world jumped out from Wu Tong's reserve memory and emerged in Wu Tong's mind.
Currently, the substance with the highest melting point in nature is hafnium alloy. Hafnium alloy contains the metallic element hafnium. The substance with the highest known melting point is hafnium compound, tantalum hafnium pentacarbide (Ta4HfC5), which has a melting point of 4215 degrees Celsius.
Graphite ranks second. Graphite is an allotrope of the element carbon. Its melting point is 3850±50°C and its boiling point is 4250°C. Even after being burned by an ultra-high-temperature electric arc, graphite loses very little weight and has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion. Graphite's strength increases with increasing temperature, doubling at 2000°C.
In third place is diamond, commonly known as "diamond," the original form of diamond. It's also a mineral composed of carbon, an allotrope of carbon, and the hardest known naturally occurring substance, with a melting point of 3550°C. However, all of diamond's valence electrons are involved in forming covalent bonds, leaving it with no free electrons and non-conductive.
The first three have their own advantages and disadvantages, but they are all more or less unsuitable.
Wu Tong's focus is more on the fourth-ranked metal tungsten, which has an atomic number of 74, an atomic weight of 183.84, and a melting point of 3400°C.
It is steel gray or silver-white in color, has high hardness, high melting point, and is not corroded by air at room temperature... It is a good choice for projectile material. The most important thing is that China is still the world's largest tungsten reserve country, and will not be strangled by the international community because of insufficient reserves if tungsten is used on a large scale.
As the most heat-resistant metal, tungsten and tungsten alloys have actually come into the eyes of aerospace researchers. They have high density and the highest strength among refractory metals. They also have high elastic modulus, small expansion coefficient and low vapor pressure.
Tungsten alloys with added alloying elements have good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. The mechanical design and safety performance of aerospace equipment are closely related to the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the materials used.
Tungsten metal has a series of excellent physical and chemical properties that can meet the material performance requirements of aerospace, so it is now increasingly widely used in some key components of satellites, aircraft, aero engines and other equipment.
Her instinctive deduction and her absolute certainty about the direction of her deduction also confirmed Wu Tong's correct choice. Pure tungsten metal was difficult to process and was brittle, so using it directly as a projectile material was unacceptable.
Otherwise, domestic elastic materials would have been used long ago, and there would be no need for her to use them here and derive new materials.
On this basis, she needs to derive the process technology that can correctly utilize tungsten while maintaining its superior performance, and develop new tungsten materials for use in the most critical warhead materials.
Time slipped away quietly during the research and development of Wu Tong, bringing the breath of spring and the joy of Wu Tong's harvest.
Wu Tong naturally used the single crystal technology that could positively utilize the material properties and increase the material properties year-on-year. After extensive calculations and deductions, it was not difficult to derive single crystal tungsten suitable for warhead materials.
The most difficult part of this step is the order in which the lattice arrangement and extension takes place.
Today, Wu Tong has a deeper understanding of the co-bonding effect, a skill she excels in. She has taken crystal lattice arrangement to new heights.
Wu Tong piled his manuscripts on the corner of his desk, verifying his initial breakthrough in hypersonic missiles. He carefully stored them in an open, secure box, which would later be stored in a safe for safekeeping. A smile played at the corner of Wu Tong's lips, a testament to his work.
The successful deduction of the warhead material in the first step seemed to indicate that the subsequent research would go smoothly. Wu Tong took advantage of his enthusiasm and began the second step of research on the main arrow body material.
Wu Tong prioritized tungsten metal because it improves the high-temperature hardness of steel. The performance parameters of MC-4 specialty steel were already excellent, and Wu Tong further expanded upon this existing level, using it as the primary projectile material. This further optimization of the existing foundation was not a difficult task for Wu Tong.
Design models, deduce parameters, design preparation processes... After a series of deductions and simulations, the second main projectile material MCW-1, a metal-based heat-resistant material with tungsten as the core, was born in Wu Tong's hands.
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are composite materials that are artificially combined with metals and their alloys as the matrix and one or more metal or non-metal reinforcements.
Its reinforcing materials are mostly inorganic non-metallic materials, such as ceramics, carbon, graphite and boron, etc. Metal wire can also be used. It, together with polymer-based composites, ceramic-based composites and carbon/carbon composites, constitutes a modern composite material system.
Although this was her first time working with metal-based materials, she understood that mastering one principle led to a multitude of new approaches. After nearly two years and countless years of accumulated experience in material research and development, Wu Tong achieved a breakthrough in this area, achieving a breakthrough. She could almost be described as a master of both techniques, handling them effortlessly. She was able to innovate with a variety of materials, making them seem effortless and possessing complete control.
The birth of the new micro-nano composite-oxidation pressing technology has once again filled the domestic technological gap and laid the foundation for the creation of metal-based materials.
She uses nano-scale ultra-high temperature ceramic MC-4 phase and micron-scale tungsten matrix coherent reinforcement to achieve the reinforcement of ceramic relative to refractory matrix and the reinforcement of refractory metal, thereby achieving high-temperature toughening of the material, oxidation resistance of the matrix and lightweighting.
At the same time, through the surface oxidation inhibition design, a gradient composite ceramic thermal protection layer is formed in situ on the surface of the substrate, which has high thermal matching and strong metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Nano-ceramic phase reinforced refractory metal matrix composite materials are prepared by micro-nano composite in situ reaction, realizing the high temperature and high strength and toughness of the substrate, and the integrated design with the substrate, thereby realizing high radiation, long-term anti-oxidation and anti-ablation.
In Wu Tong's predicted performance, this tungsten core metal-based heat-resistant material has tensile strength that is at the upper limit of ordinary alloy metals, and its high-temperature strength can be further improved, easily reaching 3000MPa. It can also withstand ultra-high temperatures of 3000℃ without too much burning, and can maintain almost perfect mechanical properties!
The main projectile material was re-finished, with enhanced tensile strength and high-temperature resistance, but the weight should not be increased. The projectile's own weight is also a key factor affecting speed and maneuverability.
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