Lu Xiao elaborated on his thoughts. Turbulence isn't exclusive to ordinary fluids; plasmas can also produce turbulence. Furthermore, because of the presence of an external magnetic field, plasma turbulence is more complex and difficult to predict than that of ordinary fluids.
"Of course no problem, Brother Lu, what cooperation do you need from me?" Wu Tong accepted Lu Xiao's invitation without any hesitation. From a mathematical perspective, Wu Tong is quite good at the field of turbulence. After all, Wu Tong's accumulation in NS-equations is well-deserved to be at the top of the world.
During a fusion reaction, the temperature of the plasma reaches over 100 million degrees Celsius, almost as high as the interior of a star. Currently, no known material can withstand this scorching energy. However, everything is relative, and human greatness lies in the skillful use of tools, both in terms of physical objects and knowledge.
Plasma confinement is the basis for human intervention and control of this fusion reaction, and it is also the significance of the controllable nature of the entire controlled nuclear fusion.
The concept of the stellarator device is to use a twisted magnetic field and a strong magnetic field to confine fusion reactions, confine them in a limited space, keep them away from the inner wall of the orbit, and thus reduce the burning invasion of the orbital wall by high temperature.
However, even so, there are still not many known materials that can withstand too long at temperatures that are already considered radiation. Another reason that is causing the world the most headaches is neutron radiation.
However, this is about to become a thing of the past for Wu Tong. They already have breakthroughs in high-temperature resistant materials that can break through current limitations, as well as new HC-1 heat-resistant materials that are resistant to neutron radiation and transmutation, as well as design plans for dealing with radiation.
However, the tokamak device has reached a bottleneck in discharge time.
The current record for the longest discharge is held by the "EAST" Oriental Ring in South China at 102 seconds, which almost marks the ceiling of the "discharge time" of the tokamak device technology route. Any attempt to raise this ceiling by an inch will require a high price.
Now, based on this good foundation, what they need is a powerful plasma confinement twisted magnetic field design to better control the fusion reaction for stable and long-term operation.
They had also achieved a simultaneous breakthrough in superconducting materials created using magnetic fields. Wu Tong had already shared this data with Lu Xiao, and the improved material data was a fundamental consideration for them. While this breakthrough in superconducting materials still didn't achieve room-temperature superconductivity, the breakthrough in new high-temperature superconducting materials had already reduced many technical barriers.
A large magnetic field means a large current, and current releases heat as it passes through a conductor. So, the wires must be soaked in liquid helium to both reach superconducting temperatures and prevent the current's thermal effects from causing the wires to heat up. However, after breakthroughs in superconducting materials, they no longer have to worry about this issue.
They have the material foundation for a larger magnetic field: carbon nanographene wires. Wu Tong has broken new ground in the field of superconducting materials. Their magnetic field confinement strength can be increased several times while reducing the unit area of the project.
However, simply having a magnetic field is still not enough. To control it, they need to have enough methods to control the magnetic field...
Fortunately, the design concept of the stellarator device allows them to solve the control problem without having to use an ohmic transformer to start the plasma current like the tokamak device, nor do they need to consider problems such as twisted membranes, magnetic surface tearing, and resistive wall films. This is equivalent to transferring the technical difficulty to the engineering difficulty.
"The motion of plasma in stellarators involves the study of quite complex plasma turbulence phenomena. This is arguably the most difficult and complex of the many research directions related to the Navier-Stokes equations. Thank you, Mr. Wu, for your contributions to the Navier-Stokes equations and your general solution. This has given me sufficient support to boldly conduct breakthrough research on this law!"
Lu Xiao smiled and spread his hands. Before Mr. Wu verified the NS equation, this problem would have remained a mystery. They could only rely on repeated failures and experiments to find the law by feeling their way across the river. However, now they had sufficient theoretical support tools. Although it was difficult for ordinary people to use, he was no ordinary person either.
After Wu Tong's proof of the NS equation shocked the world, Lu Xiao conducted in-depth research in this area, combining it with his expertise in turbulence. Especially after Wu Tong supported him and granted him the authority to solve the general problem, he made rapid progress.
His continuous accumulation and improvement in turbulence not only gave him a deeper understanding of fighter jets, but also gave him enough reserves when Wu Tong invited him to study the laws of plasma motion in the stellarator device. He could get started directly and come up with design planning ideas in a short time.
"With the help of the NS-equation formula and the general solution, I will set it here, taking the atoms entering the plasma as an assumption, and we will set the data... With this as the target, I will... Here I need you to help me build a complete mathematical model to define and eliminate interference!" The biggest difficulty and the most uncontrollable problem are now like a soft thread that will succumb to the design of Wu Tong and Lu Xiao!
Of course, neither of them was complacent. Their approach to scientific research was one of trepidation from beginning to end. Plasma is not something to be taken lightly. Its high temperatures and high densities have always been its primary concerns.
"According to the Reynolds number formula Re=ρvd/μ, high-density plasma bound by the electromagnetic field has a larger Reynolds number. Any tiny disturbance will cause the entire system composed of plasma to produce disordered and irregular turbulence... Assume this Reynolds number..." After quickly looking through Lu Xiao's preliminary design, Wu Tong concentrated and thought carefully for a while, took out a draft paper and a pen, and began to deduce, and deduce, while continuing to argue with Lu Xiao.
"Set a value that satisfies certain conditions...given..."
Soon, sheets of draft paper were filled with a variety of profound mathematical formulas. Lu Xiao did his best to keep up with Wu Tong's thinking and calculation speed, providing physical perspectives and analysis of plasma turbulence, gradually refining the mathematical model that gradually took shape under Wu Tong's pen. This was his tool and support for the next step.
The movement laws of plasma in the stellarator gradually became clearer and more complete through the collision of their ideas.
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