At that time, the city operated in the form of a bicameral congress. The People's Assembly, attended by all the people of Ephesus, was held in the Music Hall on a designated date each year. It was also the place where the Senate representatives attended the meeting. Therefore, the Music Hall was mainly used for concerts and municipal assemblies. The exit of the Music Hall, after the National Market and the City Hall, was the Prytaneion.

The building is located in the administrative center and was once used for administrative purposes, so it can also be considered a municipal building. The temple was built in the 3rd century BC and later converted into a Christian church. During the reign of Augustus, it was built into the town hall and a burning torch was placed in the temple to symbolize the eternal existence of the city's spirit.

It is said that the sacred fire burned for hundreds of years. In order to keep the sacred fire from going out, priests called Kuret searched for firewood everywhere. They dragged the firewood on the streets and everyone had to make way for them. Therefore, the main avenue in the city was called Kuret Avenue. It was called a temple because the building was originally dedicated to the goddess Artemis.

Later, archaeologists dug out two stone sculptures of the goddess Artemis from the ruins. The sculptures are now the treasures of the Selcuk Museum. Prytaneion Temple Ephesus Prytaneion Temple Ephesus Zhou Xiken was waiting for Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi in front. Along the way, he told Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi a long-standing story for each building.

Walking on this ancient street, it feels like listening to a magnificent historical epic. As the ancient city is well preserved, the storytelling and the real scene make it seem that history has not been cut off, and the ancient times have been brought closer. Every building is telling people its own story of the past. Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi are unconsciously integrated into the glory of the ancient city.

Ephesus. It has long surpassed the concept of a general city. The people on this land have created a huge and elegant art treasure. Ancient City Road Ephesus walks down the slope from the Prytaneion Temple. On the left is the Domition Square and the Temple. At the end of the road, you will see the relief of the god Hermes on both sides.

Excavation work has not yet begun on the western part of the forum. The two sites on the left are built with large blocks of limestone, and archaeologists still do not know their purpose. Domitian Square Ephesus Domitian Square Ephesus Domitian Square Ephesus To the right of the square is the Monument of Manminus. Manminus was the grandson of the Roman dictator Sulla and was an architect famous for building water bridges.

Historically, the Ephesians had helped the neighboring Kingdom of Pontis to resist the invasion of the Romans. After Pontis defeated Rome, he ordered the massacre of nearly 80,000 Romans in Ephesus. To commemorate this tragic event, Manminus built this monument. Manminus Monument The Manminus Monument in Ephesus is a square building.

It is said that the prototypes of the relief figures on it are Sulla, the grandfather of Manminus, and Caius, his father. This place is high and is a good place to overlook the Curet Avenue. Friends who love photography should not miss it. There is a triangular stone tablet next to the Ephesus Domition Square of the Monument of Manminus. This is a relief of the leaping goddess Nike.

She holds a wreath in one hand and a date branch in the other, looking like she is about to fly. This is a favorite place for tourists to take pictures. The goddess of victory of Ephesus must pass through this gate before she actually steps into the Curet Avenue. Now only two stone pillars with door gods carved on them remain of this gate, because both door gods are Hercules.

Therefore, this gate is called the Gate of Hercules. The significance of this gate is to protect the city hall in front of it. It is also a landmark, separating the city hall from general public facilities and the houses of ordinary people. The Curet Avenue Gate in Ephesus is about 50 meters long. It winds all the way to the Library of Celsus.

In the 3rd century AD, beautifully carved marble columns and street lamps were erected on both sides of the street. Whenever the lights came on, this Greek colonial port city was bustling with merchant ships and traffic, creating a prosperous scene of singing and dancing. It was here that Roman General Antony first met the Egyptian Queen Cleopatra.

Curet Avenue Curet Avenue in Ephesus is home to the main buildings and artworks of Ephesus. Numerous statues stand on both sides of the avenue, and countless fountains have been decorated into exquisite handicrafts, leaving modern people with amazement and admiration. The magnificent temples and exquisitely carved floral patterns on both sides of the road show people's yearning and pursuit for beauty.

Roadside Sculptures Sculptures of the Ancient City of Ephesus This is the Turanus Fountain located on the right side of Curet Avenue. The fountain was built between 102 and 114 AD. It was built for King Turanus (98-117 AD). It is a two-story columnar structure, about 12 meters high, and the shape of the fountain in front is still clearly visible.

It is said that there used to be sculptures of kings erected on the waterways here, and in the niches of various sizes behind the columns there are sculptures of royal family members, the god of wine, the goddess of beauty, etc. The Turanus Fountain Curet Avenue has a driveway in the middle, and the two sides with eaves are sidewalks. The stone pillars on both sides of the road and the inscriptions left on the ruins.

It records the sacrificial activities performed by the monks of Curet in Ephesus. Every spring, the monks put on their robes and walked out of the temple, walked along this avenue to the end, and then went to the place where the goddess Artemis was born, 7 kilometers away. The monks' task was to recreate the birth of the Ephesian goddess Artemis in a dramatic form.

Therefore, Kuret Avenue is also part of the Holy Road. It was very hot in Ephesus, and Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi changed into clothes for late spring and early summer. Traveling to Turkey in this season, you must prepare clothes from early winter to early summer. Kuret Avenue There is a row of boutiques on the left side of Kuret Avenue in Ephesus, and part of it has been excavated.

Zhou Xiken asked Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi to pay attention to the mosaics on the ground. More than 2,000 years ago, the Ephesians were using mosaics, and they were mosaic floors with patterns. Shop Ephesus Mosaic Sidewalk Did you see the ancient monument that was being repaired in Ephesus? That was Zhou Xiken's favorite Temple of Hadrian, but it was a pity that it was under repair and he couldn't see it in person.

The Temple of Hadrian is the most beautiful restored building in the Via Curetto. It is named after Emperor Hadrian (76 AD - 138 AD). Hadrian became the Roman emperor in 117 AD. His reign was the most prosperous era in Rome and the era when the Roman Empire was at its largest.

According to records, Emperor Hadrian visited Ephesus several times, and during his visit in 128 AD, he allowed a temple to be built for him. To this end, the Ephesians built this temple near the Church of Mary, and the temple was not completed until 138 AD. It was also during Hadrian's time that the architecture of Ephesus changed from Greek style to Roman style.

The Temple of Hadrian in Ephesus under renovation This is a restoration of the Temple of Hadrian. It is a typical representative of the Corinthian temple. The most worth seeing in the temple is the sculpture. There are many carvings of mythological figures on the inner wall columns. One side is from the Greek era, and the other side depicts figures from the Amazon women's country. The sculpture on the front of the inner wall is the snake-haired monster Medusa.

Taking its strong characteristics as the patron saint of the temple, various characters are vivid. Restoration of Hadrian's Temple Zhou Xiken asked Yunluo and Nalan Seqi to enter this street from the side of Hadrian's Temple. Ancient City Road On the right side of Ephesus Street is a public bath. The bath was built in the 1st century BC and was built very scientifically.

In order to cater to the needs of bathers, the bathhouse was divided into rooms with different water temperatures. Water was introduced into the indoor bath through underground pipes, and the bottom of the bath was empty. It was convenient for burning fire. This is a typical form of four bathrooms in the Roman period, with cold water, warm water and high temperature baths, as well as cloakrooms.

Public Baths Ephesus Public Baths On the left side of the Ephesus Street is the famous Ephesus Public Toilet, which only has men's toilets but no women's toilets. It is said that this was a social place for men in ancient Ephesus. The first thing they did in the morning was to go here to relieve themselves, discuss current affairs, exchange information, and communicate with each other. If they were tired from shopping, they would also come here to rest.

Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi asked Zhou Xiken, wouldn't it smell bad if you sit for so long? It's not elegant either. Zhou Xiken said, there is a waterway below, and people can wash at any time, so it won't be too smelly. Besides. At that time, people were wearing robes, and the whole squatting position was covered, just like sitting on a bench, so it didn't feel indecent. Looking at the cold stone slab, Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi said. The Ephesians are really not afraid of the cold.

Fortunately, Ephesus is located on the seashore, where the temperature is much higher than in Cappadocia, so this problem should not exist. Public toilets Outside the Ephesus public toilets is this unknown site, opposite the site is a slope house, which is said to be a residential area for the rich, but there are no complete buildings, only mosaics on the ground and frescoes on the walls.

Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi did not go up. Ancient City Ruins After leaving the small street, Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi came to the end of Curet Avenue, which is the intersection of Curet Avenue and Marble Street. The end of Curet Avenue Ephesus The picture below is the Celsus Library, which is a landmark building in the ancient city of Ephesus.

The Library of Celsus was built in the 2nd century AD. At that time, a Roman official succeeded his father Celsus as the governor of Ephesus. In order to commemorate his father, he built this magnificent library on his father's tomb. The Library of Celsus is a two-story marble building, which was known as the second largest library in Asia Minor at that time.

There are 16 large stone pillars in front of the door, each of which is as thick as two people can hug together. The pillars are thick in the middle and thin on both sides, which makes it look spacious from a visual angle. The library has experienced earthquakes and fires, and was completely restored by Austrians from 1972 to 1978. Every stone piece was restored and put back to its original position. The cultural relics inside are preserved in the National Museum of Vienna, Austria.

The Library of Celsus faces east, so that the reading room can make full use of the morning light. It is said that the men in Ephesus liked to tell their wives that they went to the library to read. Later, it was discovered that there was an underground passage in the library that led to a building next to it that was believed to be a brothel, so many jokes about this were spread.

Many men did not read in the library, but went to brothels. There are four goddess statues on the front of the first floor of the Ephesus Library, namely the goddess of wisdom, fate, knowledge, and virtue. There were also four sculptures on the second floor, but they have disappeared and their whereabouts are unknown.

This footprint is located on the marble street next to the library. It is said to be a signpost related to the brothel. There is a finger pointing to the left next to the footprint, which is said to be a sign for hiring prostitutes in ancient times. If you have money, you can go forward and talk to women.

Another theory is that because the footprints were the size of an adult, it meant that only adults could enter. Next to the Ephesus Library is the South Gate of the Commercial Square of the Democratic Movement. The South Gate has three entrances, which are decorated with ivy and serrated edges, and the wall is inscribed with Latin monuments in bronze characters.

According to the inscription, in 3 BC, this gate was built by King Augustus, Queen Libya, his deceased son-in-law and Princess Julia, and was constructed by two slaves who were declared free by the king. The South Gate of the Commercial Market Ephesus is a row of columns in front of the gate. The circumference of the Commercial Square is 112 meters, and it is surrounded by columns.

The Ephesus Forum is very open. The early residential ruins of the commercial forum and those dating back to the 7th century BC have been excavated in the west. The ruins seen now are from the 1st century AD. The private market of Ephesus is a restoration of the pillar building. It is very imposing and the ancient glory can be seen.

There is no mistake in the poem, post, content, and read the book on 6, 9, and bar!

Commercial Square Reconstruction Behind the Ephesus colonnade are rows of equally sized vaulted shops, which give us an idea of ​​how prosperous this place was at that time. Colonnades around the Commercial Square Ephesus From the moment they entered the gate, the child and his parents were all in the same direction as Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi were.

The child is not afraid of strangers and keeps smiling at Yunluo and Nalanshiqi. He is so cute. Little boy playing in the square. The shops on the north and south sides of the Ephesus Commercial Square are two-story structures, and gates are set up for the port on the north and west sides. After hundreds of years of use, the Commercial Square has left many sculpture bases and monuments showing its glory.

The inscriptions record important documents such as the city's construction period, cultural activities, city management, religion and social life. Yunluo and Naranshiqi from the Commercial Square are now entering the Marble Street. Marble Street is a main avenue in Ephesus, about 400 meters long. The section from Hadrian's Gate to the Great Theater is paved entirely with white marble.

So it is called Marble Street. In the past, Marble Street was a bustling market. Now the streets are full of broken stone pillars of different heights. Only from the scale of the colonnades on both sides can we imagine the glory of this place in ancient times. At the end of Marble Street in Ephesus is the Great Theater, which was built on a slope. It was one of the largest theaters in the ancient world.

It can accommodate 25,000 spectators. In ancient times, all the people of Ephesus came to the theater to participate in various festivals and "public meetings". The band performed on the horseshoe-shaped platform in the middle. It is said that the sound effect is very good when playing classical music, but not so good when playing modern pop music.

This proves that the clever ancient Ephesians designed the theater according to the music of the time, in order to achieve the best effect. The Great Theater of Ephesus was built in the 3rd century BC and completed in the 2nd century AD, which took about 500 years. Therefore, it is a mixture of Greek and Roman architectural styles.

The theater is Greek-style, with a semicircular shape. The auditorium gradually rises along the mountain. The auditorium is divided into three levels, with two stairs leading to the auditorium. Behind the top auditorium is a row of columns, which can serve to strengthen the theater and also to decorate it. The arched circular gate of the theater is obviously in the Roman architectural style.

Ephesus The Great Theatre Follow the road in front of the Great Theatre and head north along the hillside to the ancient Ephesus stadium and stadium, which have not yet been excavated. Unexcavated monuments Ephesus After leaving the Great Theatre is the Harbor Avenue, which leads to the port at that time. Now the Aegean Sea has long been far away from the ancient city of Ephesus, and the harbor no longer exists.

Only the locals have fond memories. Harbor Avenue is the widest avenue in Ephesus. Now there are few buildings left on both sides of the road, only broken stone pillars and stones. It is said that this was a prosperous commercial street in the past, with shops, theaters and gymnasiums on both sides of the avenue.

The ancient Ephesians loved sports. Currently, there are 3 gymnasiums discovered, plus stadiums and sports fields, with different functions. The exit of the Ephesus Theater from the Harbor Avenue. From the Harbor Avenue, you can see the panoramic view of the theater, which is magnificent and spectacular. Due to the high terrain of the theater, Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi can still see the theater clearly on the road later.

View of the Grand Theater Ephesus from the Harbor Avenue This is the greenway out of the Ephesus scenic area. Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi were talking as they walked. When they reached the exit, they suddenly heard a familiar local accent calling out to Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi. It turned out to be a fellow villager who was traveling on his own. He was very happy to hear the local accent.

The girl in yellow at the exit of the scenic area is the fellow villager who went to Israel and Turkey alone. She has been out for a month. The sisters admire her courage and bravery. She must have overcome so many difficulties. Yunluo especially admires the camera in her hand. It is very big and heavy. Yunluo can't even carry a normal SLR camera, so she can only carry a compact camera.

Self-guided tours are really a game for the brave and the physically fit! Zhou Xiken, a fellow villager from Ephesus, was in a hurry today, but after leaving Ephesus, it was still early, so he moved up the time for the leather goods store he was going to the next day. This is a good thing, because there are too many attractions in Istanbul, and Yunluo has been worried about not having enough time. The sales of this leather goods store are unique.

At the beginning, Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi were asked to watch the fashion show. Of course, they were all wearing leather clothes. In the middle of the Ephesus performance, the staff invited two people from the group to come on stage. Meimei's red skirt was matched with a red leather coat, and the colors were very coordinated. The leather coats here are mostly Angora sheepskin, which is very thin and can't be wrinkled by hand. (To be continued...)