"How about it?"
Zhang Fei, who had just slipped out of the classroom, was stopped by Xu Zhiqian before he even walked out of the door. Her clear eyes looked at Zhang Fei with worry.
Just after class, I saw Zhang Fei coming out alone. Something bad must have happened.
"How about it?"
Zhang Fei was stunned and asked, "Didn't you go to listen just now?"
Xu Zhiqian shook her head slightly.
Zhang Fei asked: "Why? Didn't you say you wanted to go and see it?"
Xu Zhiqian said depressedly: "I wanted to go, but you didn't even look at it. There was no place for me outside the classroom, and there were many respected scholars and officials. How could I dare to go there?"
She was not afraid of Sima Guang, Wang Anshi, or even Zhao Xu, but she was very afraid of old scholars like Yan Fu.
If they saw a woman approaching, they would definitely scold Xu Zhiqian and might even implicate Xu Zun.
...
...
Oh my god! I was so handsome just now, but you didn't see it. Zhang Fei was immediately bored, "Not bad, right?"
"not bad?"
Xu Zhiqian asked in surprise and delight: "Didn't they make things difficult for you?"
Zhang Fei shook his head and said, "No."
Xu Zhiqian frowned slightly, "That's unlikely. They ridiculed you a lot in the past two days."
The reason why Zhang Fei targeted those students just now was because he had been mocked by them these days. There were only sarcasm and insults against him outside, and he had to retaliate. He would spray them whenever he got the chance. Who hasn't opened their mouth yet?
Zhang Fei said: "I just picked a topic that they didn't quite understand, and they couldn't get a word in."
Xu Zhiqian asked curiously: "What topic?"
Zhang Fei said: "Which came first, the chicken or the egg?"
"Which came first, the chicken or the egg?"
"ah?"
After Zhang Fei left for a while, Zhao Xu and the others also left, but none of the fifty students in the classroom left.
They slowly crawled to the wooden board, their eyes dull, as if asking what had just happened.
They were indeed very confused, and after arguing for a while, they didn't even know what they were arguing about.
It was precisely because of this that they were in such a mess just now and couldn't fight back at all.
“The law of the Legalists, the law of the Confucians, the law of the legal system.”
Ye Zuqia was reciting the three methods, with some confusion in his eyes, as if these concepts just couldn't enter his brain.
At this time, Cai Jing suddenly said: "The reason why we are confused is that he divided the Legalists into two parts. One part of the laws is classified as political orders, and the other part of the laws is classified as the law of the legal system. However, in our understanding, the law of the legal system is also classified as the law of the Legalists, which makes us feel very contradictory when debating with him."
When these words were spoken, everyone woke up as if from a dream.
Ye Zuqia slapped his thigh and said, "Yes, that's the truth. I was trapped here at that time. In fact, the two are the same thing. Think about it, if no one abides by the laws of the Legalists, who will abide by the laws of the legal system?"
"wrong!"
Cai Bian shook his head and said, "What we were arguing about just now was not this issue, but whether the law of the Legalists came first or the law of the legal system came first. For example, if someone is arrested for theft, this is a violation of the law of the legal system, but if the government wants to pardon this person, this is also the law of the Legalists, so which one comes first?"
"If the government personally issues an order for a pardon, it is estimated that he will be pardoned."
"That is the legalist principle of putting the law first."
"But it seems wrong to do so. The rule of law should come first."
"If the government pardons a thief without a legitimate reason, the ministers will not agree to it."
"But if the emperor is determined to pardon him, it will be useless for the ministers to object."
"Eh? Isn't this the Confucianism he just mentioned?"
"Wait, wait, I think I understand. In this case, if it is the law of the Legalists, if the government wants to pardon someone, then it must be pardoned, and no one dares to object.
According to Confucian law, if the government wants to grant a pardon, the ministers can dissuade the emperor, but they may not be able to do so. Not to mention those incompetent emperors, even wise emperors have done such things, such as Emperor Wen of Sui and Emperor Taizong of Tang. There were times when they did not listen to advice.
But if it is a law of the system, it cannot be pardoned. This is the difference between the three. "
"So it seems that this legal system is better."
"Doesn't that mean this law is more important than the government?"
"Don't say that casually."
"What are you afraid of? I just talked about this problem. The law of the rule of law cannot do it at present because the law is not perfect enough."
"Since the rule of law is a consensus among everyone, what can't be done? Isn't this a contradiction?"
"You didn't listen carefully. It's not that it can't be done, but it can't be done with the law of the legal system first. The law of the legal system is dead, and we can't give in to the law of the legalists."
“Why give in?”
"rights and interests?"
There was a heated discussion in the classroom, and in the palace next to the Imperial College, Zhao Xu and prime ministers such as Wang Anshi, Sima Guang, Fu Bi, and Wen Yanbo were also discussing this issue.
In fact, everyone was still unsatisfied, and the Song Dynasty was currently facing internal and external troubles, so everyone was looking for other ways. But unfortunately Zhang Fei defended his rights to leave work, so they could only talk to themselves.
"Actually, what that kid said was very simple. It's not complicated at all."
Wang Anshi said casually.
"Yeah?"
Sima Guang was very annoyed when he saw him showing off, and said, "Then you tell me about it."
Wang Anshi asked with a smile: "Junshi, do you also have doubts in your heart?"
Sima Guang nodded and said truthfully: "There are indeed some things I haven't figured out."
Zhao Xu also looked at Wang Anshi expectantly and asked, "Sir, please tell me quickly."
When the emperor and his ministers discussed academic matters privately, the ways they addressed each other were relatively casual.
Wang Anshi said: "The law of the Legalists is to put the king's orders first; the law of the Confucians is that the saints determine the etiquette and laws, and the orders will be carried out when the person is upright, which means that virtue is the main and the law is the auxiliary; and the law of Zhang San's system is to put personal interests first. It is that simple."
Zhao Xu nodded slightly: "This sounds simple, but why didn't so many people figure it out just now?"
Wang Anshi was puzzled and said, "I don't know why they can't figure it out."
“It’s not that simple.”
Fu Bi shook his head and said, "In fact, among all the schools of thought, there is only one discipline that puts personal interests first, and it has been lost for a thousand years. Therefore, many people are trapped in it and don't understand why."
Sima Guang said: "What Mr. Fu is referring to is Yang Zhu's teachings, which benefit the world without plucking a single hair."
"Exactly."
Fu Bi nodded and said, "Among the hundreds of schools of thought, only Yang Zhu's school of thought emphasizes personal interests. It's a pity that there is no article handed down from Yang Zhu's school of thought. There are only a few words, and later generations have not been able to explore it thoroughly."
Having said this, he changed the subject and said, "However, Zhang San's theory may help us understand Yang Zhu's philosophy."
Zhao Xu was surprised and asked, "Mr. Fu compares Zhang San with Yang Zhu?"
Fu Bi said: "In my opinion, this legal system is enough to make Zhang San one of the hundred schools of thought."
Wang Anshi was surprised and said, "Mr. Fu is overly praising that boy."
"I am not exalting him."
Fu Bi shook his head and said, "In class, he used the law of the legal system as a standard, but in fact it is a thought. The reason is that he can use the law of the legal system to explain the law of the Legalists and the law of Confucianism. It is not an exaggeration to say that he founded a school of thought. If you think along the lines of the law of the legal system, many things will change."
Zhao Xu asked: "For example?"
Fu Bi said: "The Confucian system of ruler-ruler, subject-subject, father-father, son-son may become fragmented."
Zhao Xu was shocked. "What do you mean?"
Fu Bi replied: “As Zhang San said, the law of the legal system is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of individuals. However, conflicts of interest may also occur between father and son.
According to Confucian etiquette, the father should be the primary authority. Even if the case is brought to the government, unless it involves treason, the government will most likely rule in favor of the father.
But if we look at it from the perspective of the legal system, the son is entitled to defend his legitimate rights and interests, and the relationship between the two is more equal.”
Sima Guang said, "But Zhang Fei also said that the law of the legal system is a consensus, not a certain person's idea. The affection between father and son is human nature and a consensus, so we must obey our parents' orders."
Wang Anshi said immediately: "Etiquette and law are rules made according to family affection. Family affection is a kind of consensus, but the order of parents is not necessarily a consensus. This is education. But remember that Dengzhou Ayun was forced to be promised to Wei Ada. If it is based on Zhang San's legal system, Ayun at least has the right to refuse."
"It's just horrible."
Wen Yanbo couldn't help but exclaimed, and then he reacted and said quickly: "Sir, this method is absolutely not acceptable. It will subvert all family ethics."
In the classroom, Zhang Fei established the law of the legal system as a standard. The standard is definitely dead, that is, harmless.
But after Fu Bi said this, the problem became serious.
If we follow the principles of the rule of law, we can quickly come to the conclusion that relationships between people will become more equal and personal freedom will be enhanced.
Then the entire set of Confucian class values will be shattered.
Of course, it won’t be subversive.
Because morality and law have many similarities, Zhang Fei said that Confucian law is closer to the law of the legal system, which is actually not wrong.
But in essence, there are sharp contradictions between the two, but if it is a standard, there will be no contradiction.
Although Zhang Fei spoke very vaguely, there are few pedantic people in this golden generation, especially Wang Anshi and Fu Bi, who both presided over reforms. Although they never jumped out of that box, they were quick to accept new things.
Sima Guang and Wen Yanbo were not as good as them in this respect.
Wang Anshi said: "I also think this method is not feasible."
Wang Anshi and Wen Yanbo had the same opinion for the first time.
The reason turned out to be Zhang Fei.
this..
Zhao Xu asked, "What do you mean, sir?"
Wang Anshi said: "If we emphasize individual rights, even if they are legitimate, this will make the country become a mess. If we follow the words of the Legalists, it means that we do not care about the interests of the country. If we follow the words of the Confucians, it means that we do not have the spirit of sacrificing one's life for justice, which will make the country fall apart. In fact, I wanted to argue with him just now, but unfortunately, the guy ran away."
Sima Guang said embarrassedly: "Is this just what we think? Maybe Zhang San just wants to express the principle of law. His legal system is indeed correct if it is only used in judicial practice."
Zhao Xu nodded slightly, then looked at Fu Bi and asked, "What do you think, Mr. Fu?"
Fu Bi said, "At present, I also agree with what Jiefu and the others said. If we follow the law of the rule of law, many problems cannot be solved. In fact, Zhang San himself said in class that the Confucian law is still the best solution. However, he did not finish his words, so I dare not make a rash decision."
Wen Yanbo said, "Sir, this lesson cannot continue."
Wang Anshi immediately said, "This is absolutely not possible. He is teaching this class right under our noses, and he has the upper hand in the situation. If we don't let him continue, it will only make us look guilty, which will only make people speculate more."
His self-confidence is unparalleled. He thinks he is right and has no guilt at all. He is not afraid of the rule of law at all.
Zhao Xu nodded: "That's true, let him continue."
(End of this chapter)
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