After talking about the severe punishments for a long time, he suddenly returned to the method of reviving the Qin Dynasty.
This is also the title of this class.
Logically speaking, this is as it should be.
But this turn of events surprised everyone, especially Fu Bi, Wen Yanbo and others.
Because severe punishment is a very important idea in the Legalists.
Then opposing harsh punishments means opposing Legalism.
Zhang Fei's defense against the heavy punishment was deeply recognized by many people. As far as the debate was concerned, it would be a better choice to turn back from there.
Unexpectedly, Zhang Fei chose to go back to the argument that litigation caused waste to the government.
Not to mention the students, Fu Bi and the others all looked at each other in confusion. What was the connection between the two?
The key is to reduce the cost of government administration, this is the advantage of the Legalists!
...
...
Wang Anshi originally wanted to use this point to debate with Zhang Fei.
The Song Dynasty faced this problem, and precisely because of the precautions and regulations, the entire administrative system became extremely bloated.
The establishment of the Regulations Office of the Two Prefectures was a rights and interests strategy to address this issue.
But the new policy still faces this problem: there is too much opposition.
Wang Anshi could not help but ask: "What is the relationship between these two?"
Zhang Fei pretended to be stunned, then looked at Wang Anshi in surprise.
Wang Anshi felt a little guilty when he saw him, and hurriedly explained: "I am really sorry, I didn't mean to disturb you, I am just confused about this, you guys continue with the class."
Cai Bian immediately said, "What Wang Xueshi said also confuses us."
Zhang Fei nodded without thinking too much. He knew he couldn't stop them, but he had to put pressure on them, otherwise they would continue arguing.
He pondered for a moment, "During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Confucius traveled around the countries. Why was Confucianism never recognized? If we adopt Confucius' teachings, can we succeed?"
Everyone looked at each other.
Ye Zuqia shook his head and said, "I'm afraid not."
"Why?"
Zhang Fei asked.
Ye Zuqia replied: "Confucianism is about governing by virtue, which requires education, and education takes time. At that time, the countries were attacking each other and there was no chance to breathe. Before Qin State employed Shang Yang, the country was facing life and death. It was naturally difficult for Confucianists to be reused, and even if they were reused, it would be difficult for them to succeed."
Shangguan Jun added: "Since the Han Dynasty, when Confucianism was the only doctrine, the people have been deeply educated. Even after the change of dynasties, Confucianism is still deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. It can be seen that as long as Confucianism is given time, Legalism will not be able to defeat Confucianism."
Cai Bian said: "This is wrong. The military merit system played an indispensable role in the success of Qin. Without the land reward, Qin soldiers would not fight bravely on the battlefield.
But where did the farmland come from? Not only did they rely on occupying the land of other countries, but more importantly, they got it from the nobles of the Qin State at that time. This was also the merit of the Legalists.
Confucianism is based on loyalty, filial piety, benevolence and righteousness to establish a country, and it is to protect the rights and interests of the nobles. Even if Confucianism succeeds in education, there is no land to reward soldiers. In terms of military force, it is no match for the Legalists. "
Wang Anshi took a liking to this person at first sight. Isn’t this the talent I want?
Shangguan Jun snorted, "The land will eventually run out of rewards, but benevolence and righteousness are endless. You may win for a while, but you can't win for a lifetime. Facts have also proved that the Legalists can only win for a while."
Cai Bian said: "At the moment of life and death, this moment is the whole life. We should judge the situation and not be rigid and conservative."
The two were diametrically opposed.
In fact, what they were arguing about was a major contradiction between Legalism and Confucianism. Legalism pursued continuous development and progress, while Confucianism pursued emulating saints and was more conservative.
But this is old news.
That's why the group of old masters at the back were very anxious, wondering why you guys were fighting among yourselves.
Oh my! This guy is so cunning that he actually provoked a dispute between Confucianism and Legalism so that his legal system can benefit from it.
When Yan Fu and the others were about to stop them, Zhang Fei actually spoke first: "All of your answers are actually correct, but this also fully reflects that your Confucianism is really a mess."
Um?
The classroom suddenly became quiet.
It would be fine if you said that our legal studies are not good, but you actually said that our Confucianism is a mess. The key point is, what basis do you, Zhang San, have to say that?
Cai Jing asked: "Teacher, why do you say that?"
Zhang Fei asked in return: "Confucianism is inherited?"
"Zhou Li!"
"Who was the emperor at that time?"
"The Emperor of Zhou."
"Yes!"
Zhang Fei nodded and said, "Confucius advocated Zhou Li and talked about the relationship between the ruler and his subjects. Do you think the princes can use him? You talk about Confucianism, but not loyalty and filial piety. Isn't your Confucianism a mess?"
this..
So embarrassing!
The expressions on Cai Bian and the others' faces were extremely rich.
The old masters just kept shaking their heads. You guys are really disappointing. You even need a pen to remind you of this.
What a tragedy!
Ye Zuqia argued: "We are fighting for the method of reviving Qin. Judging from the facts and the situation, this is probably just a secondary reason."
Under the circumstances at that time, how could the Zhou emperor protect her? Confucius was not stupid, and he would not ask for too much on this. Confucius' emotional intelligence was absolutely first-rate.
"Of course." Zhang Fei nodded and said, "But you are all candidates. If this question is asked in the imperial examination next year, you may not be on the list if you don't answer it. As a teacher, I naturally need to remind you."
Fu Bi, Zeng Gongliang and others all laughed.
The students all bowed and said, "Thank you, teacher, for your reminder."
"That's my job."
Zhang Fei said lightly, and then said: "From your argument just now, one thing is clear, that is, the efficiency of Legalism is higher, far superior to Confucianism."
Having said this, he paused for a moment, and then turned to Zhao Xu behind him, "Your Majesty, may I be allowed to say something inappropriate?"
Zhao Xu smiled and nodded.
Zhang Fei then continued, "If Qin Shi Huang came to our dynasty, there would be only two results. Either he would die of anxiety, or he would kill all his ministers. Collecting taxes according to the law is such a simple issue, but in our dynasty, there is a huge quarrel. What's more depressing is that in the end, the quarrel ended in vain. Could Qin Shi Huang bear it?"
The students were all happy.
The ministers were embarrassed.
Who are you scolding, kid?
But Zhao Xu loved to listen to it, what a bosom friend he is! He spoke out the grievances in my heart.
It is really not easy to govern the Song Dynasty.
Zhang Fei added: "As for the consumption problem just mentioned, the Legalists can use the lowest consumption to accomplish the greatest things, because any problem can be solved with just one word from the emperor, so who dares to say no?"
Cai Jing asked curiously, "Since Legalism is so good, why does the teacher say that we should learn from it?"
"Because that's where the bad is."
Zhang Fei said: "It's too simple. If Qin Shi Huang came to our dynasty, he would either die of anxiety or kill all the ministers. He would not agree with the concept of taking precautions and making rules.
It is difficult to go from luxury to frugality, and the same is true for politics. If you already have the fastest shortcut, why take the long way? If you encounter a river blocking the road, why build a bridge? It will waste time. Speed is the essence of war. Just throw a few hundred people in and fill up the river. How simple it is.
The Legalists’ saving of consumption only saves the monarch and the country’s consumption, but the consumption saved will inevitably be multiplied by the people. ”
These words made the old masters feel extremely comfortable.
That's a very good point.
That's how it is.
"But this is not the most fatal thing."
Zhang Fei said: "If Legalism can only be used temporarily, then Legalism is stronger than Confucianism, but the problem is that Legalism is irreversible. It is completely understandable that Qin used Legalism to revive the country in times of crisis. If it did not strive for strength again, it would be over.
But after unifying the six kingdoms, can we abolish the Legalists and use another set of plans to govern the country? That is impossible!"
Cai Bian suddenly interrupted him and said, "Teacher, you are wrong. Fusu is a wise man. If Fusu had ascended the throne at that time, the demise of the Qin Dynasty might have been avoided."
Zhang Fei smiled and said, "Even if Fusu is wise, he will be the second emperor of Qin with a good reputation, and the ending is unchangeable. I can tell you directly what will happen if Fusu comes to power, governs the country with benevolence, and treats his people with tolerance.
The situation is that he found that his imagination was too good, and when he put it into practice, he couldn't solve any of the problems of the Qin State at that time, so he was forced to return to the Legalists, and then, there was no more. "
Seeing how confident he was, Cai Bian couldn't help but ask curiously, "Teacher, do you have any basis for what you said?"
Zhao Xu and the others also looked at Zhang Fei curiously.
This has always been a controversial issue, and many people believe that even Fusu could not turn the tide, but they would not say it so absolutely, after all, this is something that did not happen.
But that's just what they think.
Zhang Fei smiled and said, "Of course there is! And you all said it yourself just now."
Everyone looked at each other.
Who said that?
"It's just consumption! Other accounts are hard to calculate, but finances are relatively easy to calculate."
Zhang Fei shook his head helplessly. "It has been explained just now that governing a country requires money, and the cost of governing under Confucianism is much higher than that under Legalism. So when Fusu adjusted the policy, Qin's finances would inevitably collapse first, because Qin's finances were already bad, and it would lose the lucrative profits under Legalism, while the cost of governing would also increase significantly. Would this three-pronged approach lead to a good result?"
Shangguan Jun shook his head and said, "Fusu can first cut the court's expenditures, and then slowly adjust them."
Zhang Fei smiled and said, "What you mean is that before winning over the people, you should offend all the original supporters first. That might be faster than Qin II."
Cai Jing said: "After the chaos, we can use the Taoist's non-action to recuperate, and then use Confucianism."
This guy is very clever. He uses the changes in history to make sense, but the history he knows is too short.
Zhang Fei laughed and said, "In the situation at that time in Qin, if we adopt the policy of inaction, we will immediately fall apart and disintegrate. You want to do nothing, but others want to do something. Not to mention that the ghosts of the six kingdoms are still there, the key is that the Legalists do not talk about loyalty and filial piety, they only talk about power. As Chen Sheng and Wu Guang said, are there any kings, princes, generals or ministers of different species?
Then there are only two possible outcomes. First, Fusu will immediately return to the Legalists and use the Legalists to win the war. After he wins, he will definitely think that the Legalists are still the best. This change in policy will cause chaos in the country, and in the end, the country will still have to rely on the Legalists.
If he loses, it will be Liu Bang. After Liu Bang ascends the throne, he will definitely not use the Legalists anymore. If he also uses the Legalists, then everyone will ask him why he wants to overthrow the Qin Dynasty. "
When it comes to this topic, Zhang Fei is much better than them. They have only a few years of historical perspective, while Zhang Fei has many years. He has been to so many countries around the world and has used blood and tears to tell everyone what will happen if you do this.
You have to know that modern society is a global family with advanced information. Even the most backward countries have a much better foundation than the Qin Dynasty. However, they are still trapped in this infinite cycle and can't go back.
That's human nature.
Only countries with a civilized foundation and developed education can adjust themselves and avoid falling into this cycle.
Or they can hand it over completely to a more powerful outsider to rule, and then use non-violent non-cooperation to fight for it back after it is ruled, but that still requires hoping that the other person is in a weak state.
The terrifying thing about Legalism is that after Han Fei, Legalism became a very complete ideological system. It was no longer as simple as a military merit system. It was able to penetrate into every corner and was most beneficial to the monarch's rule. It was a super centralized system.
If there is a plan for adjustment, it must be to go back to the old ways, give the people more freedom and wealth, and then live frugally ourselves.
How could this be possible given the size of the Qin Dynasty?
Even if Fusu agreed, no one else would agree.
But it is still possible to use only the Legalist methods without following his entire system.
Fu Bi suddenly asked: "What if we adopt the law of the system?"
Zhang Fei was slightly stunned, then shook his head and said, "That's not possible either. The problem remains. The Qin State's finances are completely dependent on the Legalists, and the cost of the Legalists' rule is the lowest. It is possible to change from Confucianism to Legalism, but it is impossible to change from Legalism to Confucianism, unless you start over again."
Cai Bian said: "According to what you said, the Qin State will be a knife if it sticks its head out, and it will be a knife if it shrinks its head, but I would rather choose the Legalists than allow others to bully me."
Zhao Xu and Wang Anshi nodded at the same time.
Zhang Fei laughed and said, "The success of this legalist school is all thanks to lazy people like you."
Cai Bian was surprised and asked, "Why did the teacher say that?"
Zhang Fei said: "Sima Xueshi once said that the wealth and goods produced by heaven and earth are limited to this number. If they are not in the private sector, they are in the public sector.
The Legalists used violence to force all goods to be placed in the public domain, saving the government's ruling costs at the cost of increasing the burden on the people. But why are they unwilling to think one step further? If the people are rich, the country will also be rich.
Just as our scholar Wang proposed, those who enrich their families invest in the country, those who enrich their country invest in the world, and those who want to enrich the world invest in heaven and earth. "
Wang Anshi's eyes lit up, it turned out to be friendly troops.
But then I thought, no, he is mine, why should I question him?
I feel deeply guilty.
So that's what's going on. You should have told me earlier.
He was so nervous just now.
The main reason was that the emperor was fascinated by what he heard.
Shangguan Jun snorted, "Everyone says they can't do that."
Wang Anshi's expression changed, and he thought to himself that this kid could only rank tenth at best in the imperial examination.
Zhang Fei chuckled and said, "I just finished talking about Cai Bian, and you're doing this again. People go to higher places, water flows to lower places, and it's natural for the people to want a better life. It's also natural for the monarch to want better national financial development. If your role is just to make the country and the people stay where they are, then why don't you give the government a reason to use you?
Although I asked everyone to learn from the Legalists, I don’t think Shang Yang was wrong or Qin Shi Huang was wrong, because they represented progress at the time. However, if the people’s lives and national finances of our dynasty were still at the same level as those of the Qin Dynasty, wouldn’t that be a very despairing thing?”
Wang Anshi immediately looked at Sima Guang.
Crock!
No.
Light!
Do you understand?
This is why the government uses my brother.
(End of this chapter)
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