What?
The moral code under the rule of law?
you..
This sentence immediately made many people present want to swear.
I have never seen such a shameless person.
Fu Bi was also amused by Zhang Fei's intelligence.
Can we still play like this?
The question he raised earlier was also what everyone present was looking forward to.
Anyone with a little knowledge knows that there is a fundamental contradiction between the concept of the rule of law and the ethical code.
The Three Bonds is a strict hierarchical system.
...
...
Fu Bi did not argue with him. Before we finished, I hurriedly said to the students, "Although not many people agree, you suspect that everyone present should deny a fact, which is the problem you mentioned in the first class.
As I was talking, I wrote "Virtue is the main and law is the auxiliary" on top of "Virtue is the main and punishment is the auxiliary". "Now you can see, do the Eight Principles and Seven Constant Virtues belong to virtue, punishment, or law?"
Xiaojia nodded.
Before the class, Fu Bi and Wang Anshi were very curious about how Zhang Fei would explain this problem.
Of course there will be no objection to that. To be honest, the Legalist thought is completely opposite to the Eight Principles and Seven Constant Virtues.
"Can you?"
If he wants to question me, he has to prove that the Moral Code has nothing to do with Legalism and that punishment can be changed.
"Yes."
The little families nodded.
We originally thought that it was a very simple question, and it sounded confusing.
The little families nodded again.
"Noble virtue and lowly punishment."
The students seemed to have their seven meridians opened up, and they shook their heads excitedly and asked, "Is there?"
It makes us all feel like we've missed something. Isn't that complicated?
Use punishment to punish the majority of these stubborn people. That is to put virtue first and punishment second. "
The expression on Sima Guang's face gradually relaxed.
The only thing he can do is not to directly deny the moral principles.
I was also conflicted.
That is clear at a glance, and combined with the inference just now, it would be too muddy if it could not be more clear.
“You also think it’s unreasonable.”
That is not the smallest difference between Confucianism and Legalism, but it is not surprising that if you want to follow Confucianism, you must promote education and make everyone read books. Only then can we reach the lowest level of virtue as the main and punishment as the auxiliary. But I also know why Confucianists have never popularized education throughout the country and let everyone read books. "
Empress Dowager Cao laughed when she heard this, feeling ashamed that he was her own person.
Zhang Fei was stunned for a moment, and a bunch of words suddenly popped out of his mind, but he didn't know where to start, so he said: "My lady, that's a long story."
Who is he fooling?
Xiaojia just shook his head.
You really know how to have fun!
".!"
Fu Bi wrote seven small characters "德主刑辅" on the wooden board and asked, "德主刑辅, is there something wrong with this?"
Fu Bi nodded and asked again: "Do they think that's not unreasonable?"
The students nodded.
Fu Bi asked, "But I can't?"
This is really amazing.
"Repeated."
Fu Bi asked.
Is there anyone who has no objection to this?"
The key is that this serves the imperial power.
"That's bad! Before explaining the ambiguity, you should now discuss the difference between "virtue as the main and punishment as the auxiliary" and "virtue as the main and law as the auxiliary". Virtue in that is changeable, so the difference lies in the law of the Legalists and the law of the legal system. However, you haven't discussed the theory of the seven laws yet. Now you have to discuss how to defend the rule of virtue."
Confucianism is virtue.
The students said in unison.
The students nodded frequently.
The intention is to educate the people with moral governance and make them abide by etiquette, so as to "act according to orders and stop according to prohibitions, follow the will of the people, and wait for them to be led, as if it were natural."
Zhang Fei just smiled and said nothing. Now, no one cared about how ugly Fu Bi's handwriting was.
But it doesn’t feel weird.
The students answered one after another.
I remember that no one said at that time that Confucianism was open to all and absorbed the advantages of Legalism, and you also agreed with that very much. But no matter what, whether it is "Tang Law Commentary" or your "Song Criminal Code", it all reflects the combination of Confucianism and Legalism.
"Virtue comes first, punishment comes second."
“It’s wrong.”
"Any objections?"
So what about the ‘Xingfu’? Is that replaceable?”
You are also fascinated now, but you didn’t come to the next class, which is a minor absence!
Empress Dowager Cao was also thinking about it. She decided to invite the teachers from the School of Mathematics to attend the class as well. That teaching method was amazing.
Dong Zhongshu created this system just to help Emperor Wu of Han achieve centralized rule.
Cai Jing immediately reacted and said, "It cannot be replaced by the law of the system."
What are the ethical principles and morals of the Legalist law and the ethical principles and morals of the legal system?
As a result, just a few strokes made the explanation clear and explicit.
Wen Yanbo also nodded and said, "Indeed, it is complex and thorough, and clear at a glance."
I pointed to "Virtue as the main and punishment as the auxiliary" and "Virtue as the main and law as the auxiliary" and said, "What has changed in those two words?"
You Confucians are too proud to allow them to manipulate you.
Fu Bi smiled and nodded, "That's wrong. Has the lord of virtue changed? Since the principles and norms completely belong to the lord of virtue, has the principles and norms changed?"
In fact, Yan Dan used mathematical formulas to explain the problem.
"It's very detailed and very wrong."
But it is common knowledge that the seven are hostile in thought.
There is also no law of the rule of law.
If he doesn't explain well, he might really go in again.
There is a way to reason about that kind of thing.
Fu Bi asked again: "Do they know how the seven are combined?"
I have always been troubled by the contradiction between rule by ritual and rule by law, but now I hear that all seven are about defending rule by virtue, and this is where the contradiction exists.
That was not originally Confucian, but evolved from the ritual system.
Since the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the teachings of Huang-Lao were violated and the idea of "the way of governance is to be pure and the people will settle themselves" was pursued, and the previous governance of Wen and Jing was lost.
Moreover, they are all about defending moral governance, which is equivalent to defending Confucianism. If you say it is right, is this praising Confucian orthodoxy?
Fu Bi shook his head and said, "The idea of the Eight Principles and Seven Constant Virtues only belongs to the Confucian school. The Legalist school and the legal system do not have that idea. Can everyone understand that?"
But they never expected that Zhang Fei would interpret the contradiction as the contradiction between the law of the legal system and the law of the Legalists, and then throw out the ethical principles under the law of the legal system.
The students all shook their heads to indicate whether they had any objections.
"Virtue."
Many scholars and officials also criticized Fu Bi's statement.
Fu Bi asked again: "Can this law of law replace the virtuous ruler?"
After Fu Bi returned to the wooden board, he drew a circle under the seven characters "德主". "That is the key point. It is replaceable. If we have the rule of virtue, we will become the Legalists. Facts have proved that the Legalists are feasible.
Fu Bi immediately used a charcoal pencil to draw a diagonal line under the circle of "德主" and wrote the seven characters "岗常". "岗常 is completely about virtue."
Everyone seemed to have no hesitation.
Speaking of the previous point, you shook your head regretfully again.
Therefore, the law of a wife suing her husband is bound to be problematic under the law of the land.
"Yes! Is there any need to think about it?"
"What about the law of the rule of law?"
But other old scholars, as well as censors such as Jiang Zhiqi, always feel that something is right, but if you look at the wood, it seems unreasonable to say bad things about it, and you can find any fault with it.
"I see."
During the Qin Dynasty, the Legalists completely expelled Confucianism and only respected the law. Only a minor Confucian, Xunzi, came to Qin to preach, but he also won. But even when Emperor Wu of Han respected Confucianism, the Legalist thought still survived in the laws of various dynasties. You can find the laws left by the Qin Dynasty in the "Tang Law Commentary" and your "Song Xingtong".
Xiaojia shook his head again.
This has nothing to do with right or wrong, and it is not about reason, but about hierarchy, which is a set rule.
Yan Fu and others who had just stood up were all stunned at this moment. What just happened? How did it come to that?
Fu Bi laughed and said, "It's vulgar to talk about money. We Confucians talk about righteousness first, and then talk about money."
"But that's what you're going to talk about today."
Fu Bi smiled and said, "That is not an answer to my question. No matter whether you use the law of the legal system or the law of the Legalists, the ethics of the principles and constants have not changed. It's just that the way of defending that idea has changed. It means that with the emergence of the Legalists, the ethics of the principles and constants of Confucianism also came into being. Are these eight principles and seven constants the thoughts of the Legalists? Can I understand it?"
Ye Zuqia replied: "Because there is no punishment in the law of the legal system."
"Uh, yes."
"The answer is very wrong, but in summary it is not!"
Cai Bian stood up flattered, and after organizing his words for a while, he said: "During the Qin Dynasty, the principle of 'all matters are decided by law' was followed, and the country was governed by harsh laws and punishments, which led to the people's complaints and misery, and the country died out after seven generations.
Ye Zuqia said: "If everyone wants to study, then we need to set up more colleges. The country has so much money."
Wang Anshi nodded and said, "Just listen to what I have to say first."
Yan Fu saw through Zhang Fei's trick at a glance. He just wanted to take the opportunity to change the ethics of the social order. He immediately retorted: "What ethics of the social order of the law of the system? The ethics of the social order is Confucianism and has nothing to do with the laws of the system of the law. This is simply unreasonable. Don't confuse the public with this nonsense."
Fu Bi smiled and said, "Is that still an answer? Isn't there an idea of the Eight Principles of Ethics in the Legalist School's laws?"
"Yes."
During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, Dong Zhongshu proposed that "obey the will of Heaven and follow ancient practices, promote education, suppress the powerful and weak, value virtue and despise punishment, have officials compete with the people for profit, support scholars and run schools". Since then, there has been no more teachers writing that virtue is the main thing and punishment is the auxiliary.
Wang Anshi nodded with a hint of pride: "I understand it all, too. Oh, that wooden board is really magical. I understand it as soon as I look at it. I just need to think about it. It's not that the writing is really too ugly."
That Confucianism has always denied it.
Zhao Xu and Queen Mother Cao also looked puzzled when they listened to our rebuttal. Although his trick was clever, people were also stupid and could only accept the moral principles he reformed.
Fu Bi returned to the podium and said, "Cai Bian, can he tell me what those seven words mean?"
The law of the legal system emphasizes personal interests, and both ends of the law must tend towards equality.
Fu Bi asked, "Why?"
"Master of virtue."
"Why?"
When Wang Anshi heard this, he slowly asked Zhang Fei, "Sir, what is the difference between the laws of the Legalists and the laws of the legal system?"
Fu Bi said: "But the truth lies in virtue, not punishment. Educating the people with virtue can indeed reduce illegal behavior. Facts have proved that people who have received a bad education are more likely to break the law because they have no concept of right and wrong.
"It has nothing to do with the laws of the Legalists and the laws of the legal system?"
Morality has changed, punishments have changed, and of course the moral principles have not changed.
What does the moral code belong to?
Zhao Xu smiled and nodded, praising him: "My way of education is worthy of learning from the Imperial Academy."
Fu Bi said: "Then you didn't mention it in the following classes. It is possible to have the law of the legal system in the law of the Legalists. The seven must be in a replacement relationship and can coexist, but they are not possible in the law of Confucianism."
"Small virtue, great punishment."
(End of this chapter)
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