Looking at the actual machine, this artificial heart-lung machine looks like several large bottles strung together, with a pump-like power device inside that can pump blood back and forth. It is a high-end medical machine, and it must be connected to a computer and a display screen to monitor various operating parameters and data.
The artificial heart-lung machine is a bit larger, with a few more drainage tubes and blood reservoirs, which can help doctors fully drain the blood from the patient's left atrium during surgery. ECMO does not have this, which will cause problems such as increased left heart pressure and left ventricular expansion.
ECMO also has its advantages. It is a one-way closed loop with fewer drainage tubes, which can reduce the contact between gas and blood. Since heparin is required for extracorporeal circulation, the amount of heparin used is guided by the activated clotting time (ACT). ECMO requires a shorter ACT than an artificial heart-lung machine, and uses less heparin. It is safer to use it to rescue critically ill patients if it is not used during surgery.
Nowadays, artificial heart-lung machines are used in surgical operations. There are two types of artificial heart-lung machines: bubbling oxygenator and membrane oxygenator. The membrane oxygenator was invented later, and it is less damaging to the blood than the bubbling type, and its overall use effect is much better than the bubbling oxygenator. In some hospitals, the bubbling oxygenators purchased in the early years cannot be thrown away and can be used. There are not many new membrane type machines purchased, and they are not enough for patients. In the end, the number of cases where the bubbling type is used on patients will definitely be greater. We can only wait for the outdated machines to be gradually eliminated. This process is the same as the factory updating equipment, which requires a process.
Guozhi is relatively good, with more membrane machines than bubble machines. The patient used a membrane machine during surgery today.
When the teacher was operating, Xie Wanying was watching and learning. Teacher Pang occasionally said a few words. As a clinical teacher, he might not say much, but every word was a key point that students needed to remember.
According to Professor Pang, the patient must first undergo general anesthesia with single-lung ventilation. During this anesthesia process, the anesthesiologist can be seen inserting an esophageal ultrasound probe into the patient. It can be seen that Guozhi, a specialized hospital, seems to have made some attempts to use esophageal ultrasound probes in extracardiac thoracoscopic surgery.
When a group of cardiovascular experts in the National Association of Cardiology in the control room looked at this scene, they thought that their own department was also using this thing to assist surgery. The reason why Fu Xinheng quickly accepted Xie's opinion that time was that the application of esophageal ultrasound in surgical operations had been reported in the literature by the Chinese and foreign medical circles, but it was an experiment and had not been widely promoted. If domestic doctors want to use it, they must take it step by step before large-scale application, starting with common cases, and it will not be wrong to be cautious.
Furthermore, where did Xie use it? It was used in non-cardiac surgery. Such a thing has not been reported in foreign literature. Therefore, all the surgeons at the exchange meeting were stunned.
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As if he remembered this incident, Zhang Huayao's fingers pinched his chin again. He sneaked to the exchange meeting after receiving the news, and just happened to see the operation scene that amazed everyone. For this reason, he looked at his mother, Teacher Lu, with a very surprised expression, and he was also deeply surprised.
When did a doctor in China perform surgery to such an advanced level? As a big shot in cardiac surgery, he knew more about the use of this thing in surgery than anyone else.
At present, esophageal ultrasound is only used outside the heart in surgical operations. It is really strange that Xie used it outside the liver and gallbladder.
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