The water heated in the boiler will turn into gas, which will then expand infinitely and flow out through a small opening.
The steam escaping from this small opening becomes the power source. By simply making a piston out of this small opening, the steam will push the piston at the opening of the steamer, giving it a great force.
If this piston is connected to a rod and then to something else, it will transmit a huge force to this thing.
This is a relatively simple explanation: converting thermal energy into kinetic energy.
Relatively speaking, the principle of a steam engine is very simple, and once you understand it, it's not a problem to build one.
So Zhu Yunwen drew a simple diagram of a steam engine on the blueprints and drew some of the parts separately.
Since he didn't know much about steam engines, he could only draw a rough diagram based on the principles.
For example, a steamer, a small opening, and a steel pipe connected to it.
It is the steel pipe responsible for converting the steam in the steamer into power, while the power system at the other end of the steel pipe, which is actually able to run, is much more complex.
A small, sealed steel space needs to be constructed, and this pipe needs to be connected to this sealed space, with two air inlets inside.
Furthermore, a sliding linkage is made. When the linkage moves to the left, steam enters from the left, filling this small, enclosed space with steam and pushing the piston inside to the right.
But as you push it to the right, there's a connecting rod inside that moves a small device to the left, blocking the left air intake and exposing the right steam inlet.
Then the steam enters from the right, pushing the piston from the right to the left again.
This creates a left-right circulating power system. As long as the steam follows the initial push, it will actuate the connecting rod, causing the internal devices to move, thus forming a cycle.
Make it inflate to the left and then to the right, making the piston inside move left and right.
This will create a continuous driving force.
The piston has a connecting rod, which can be used directly as the power system.
For example, if you add a wheel on top, then he can make the wheel rotate by moving it back and forth.
Once the wheel starts rotating, the rotational speed of this wheel can be distributed to the train's wheels through connections with other wheels.
In this way, such a starting system converts heat energy into kinetic energy, and then transfers the kinetic energy to the train wheels.
After recalling the events, adding his own understanding and ideas, Zhu Yunwen finally drew the train's steam system and all the necessary parts on scrap paper.
After the drawings were completed, he first instructed the Ministry of Works to temporarily manufacture these parts using wood.
He couldn't guarantee that the parts in his drawing would actually fit the design principles.
He also needs to test it out to see if it works, so in order to reduce costs, he first uses a wooden model to see what the shortcomings are.
After making final improvements, it was then made of steel.
The Ministry of Works did not know what Zhu Yunwen was planning this time, but the Minister of Works would never doubt Zhu Yunwen's intentions. So the Minister of Works hurried back and worked through the night to produce all the parts of the steam engine according to Zhu Yunwen's sketches.
The next morning, Zhu Yunwen didn't even attend the morning court session. Instead, he went straight to the East Palace and started tinkering with the wooden parts.
Apart from the steamer being made of iron, almost all the other parts were made of wood. After Zhu Yunwen put all the parts together, he did find that there were indeed many shortcomings.
For example, when the connecting rod inside the steam engine swings left and right, there is a large gap, which makes it easy for the steam entering the steamer to escape, and it is impossible to fill the steam plug with all the steam.
Additionally, when the piston moves to the right, the left intake port becomes an exhaust port, expelling the steam that was previously inside. This allows the piston to return to the left, achieving a balance.
So at this time, the air intake on the left will become an air outlet.
But the breath that had been exhaled hadn't been released from its source.
Therefore, another device for venting air needs to be added next to it.
Zhu Yunwen then made various modifications to his first design of the steam engine and ordered the Ministry of Works to produce a model of the modified engine.
The Ministry of Works produced it that same day, and Zhu Yunwen continued to study it after it was completed.
Fortunately, the steam engine was not a very difficult thing to work with, and after this study, no further problems were found.
Therefore, Zhu Yunwen meticulously designed these parts on the blueprints to ensure that the finished product would fit perfectly without any problems.
After spending nearly a day designing the final version of the steam engine, Zhu Yunwen instructed the Ministry of Works to first make a wooden version and then assemble it.
If it's suitable, then we can use steel to make it.
The Ministry of Works knew that Zhu Yunwen was very meticulous, so they immediately carried out the production according to his instructions.
Zhu Yunwen was also very much looking forward to it, because if this steam engine could be made, it would truly be a revolutionary achievement.
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