Chapter 1009 Harvester Plan
The current progress of the project development is not slow. Two of the four types of mechanical equipment proposed by Luo Chong have been completed, and the development is very regular.
The tractor was built first, and the loader was born from the tractor, followed by the road roller and the excavator.
After all, the tractor, a four-wheeled vehicle, is the foundation. Only after the foundation is laid can things be added.
After finalizing the two vehicles, Luo Chong did not leave immediately, but gave them a new research and development task, which is the harvester.
If you use a machine to plough, you must use a machine to harvest. Otherwise, if you use a machine to plough, you will plant more, but you can't harvest it, and it will still rot in the field.
The research and development tasks of the harvester have been determined by Luo Chong into two types. One is a grain harvester, which can harvest all spike crops at the same time, such as rice, wheat, millet, and corn. These crops that are half a person tall, with spikes on the top of the head, and the fruits with shells can be collectively called grains.
The harvesting principle of grains is basically the same, and the same machine can be used for harvesting. Luo Chong had seen this kind of machine in the countryside when he was a child. Although he forgot the details, he could find a way to reproduce it as long as he remembered the working principle.
Its main principle can be divided into three parts. First, harvesting straw. There is a tray with a knife at the bottom of the head of the harvester, and a horizontal roller made of several iron bars on it. When working, the roller will first contact the head of the grain, and then press the grain down by rotating inward. The tray below will just catch it, and the rotating blade at the front end of the tray will cut the straw off at the root, which completes the first step.
The second step is threshing. Threshing is composed of three-stage rollers. The first roller swallows the harvested straw, the second roller knocks the grain off the straw, and the third roller sends the threshed straw to the back.
However, in this threshing process, an air supply system, that is, a blower, is added in the middle to blow out straw debris and bran. At this step, the harvesting is basically completed, but there is still a finishing step at the end.
The third step is the finishing, which is divided into two aspects. Different design plans will be produced according to different requirements.
The first is the treatment of the threshed straw. At this time, the straw has been degranulated and sent out through the roller. Then there are two different treatment methods. The first is to directly discharge the whole straw. Such straw can be used as livestock feed, can also be bundled into straw fences, used to cover the roof, and can also be used to weave straw hats, which are the large-brimmed straw hats that farmers often wore in the 1970s and 1980s.
Another method is to directly crush it into segments and then discharge it directly. Such crushed straw can also be used as feed. After all, even if it is a whole root, it must be chopped with a guillotine before feeding cattle and sheep. Another method is to burn it directly or throw it into the manure pit to ferment and ferment it into fertilizer. Both options have their pros and cons, and it depends on your choice.
The last part is the grain treatment plan. There are also two grain treatment plans. The first is to carry a grain storage bucket on the body of the vehicle. The threshed grain is sent to the grain storage bucket through a pipeline, and then when it is full, it is "sprayed" to other trucks through a pipeline.
This treatment plan is very advanced and convenient for large-scale operations, but it is almost impossible for the existing loader platform. The front of the loader is the working part, which can be used to install the harvesting module of the harvester, the middle is the cab, and the back is the huge steam engine power module. There is no place to install a huge grain storage bucket.
There are only two options to complete such a plan. First, the Han tribe will build an internal combustion engine now, so that the huge space occupied by the steam engine can be saved to install the grain storage bucket. Second, rebuild a new platform car, lengthen the loader, and leave an empty end between the cab and the steam power module to install the grain storage bucket.
Both of the above plans are not conducive to rapid research and development, so Luo Chong did not choose either. He chose the most rustic operation plan.
The threshed grain is directly sprayed out from the side through a pipe, and the grain storage equipment is not installed on the body. However, an external platform must be installed on the side of the body, and an operator is placed on it to receive the grain.
That is to say, a small platform is placed on the side, and a person sits on it. A pile of sacks is placed next to it. When the harvester is working, the person sits there holding the sack. When a bag is full, he changes to an empty bag. The full bag is placed aside, the bag mouth is tied tightly, and it is thrown directly on the ground. These bags of grain will be transported away later.
As for directly spraying the threshed grain onto another vehicle, if there is no on-board granary, the efficiency will be slower. After all, the harvester can only swallow so much grain at a time, and the grain grains that come out are also limited. There is not enough to spray out. Even if it is caught in
a bag, it will definitely fall down sparsely. Finally, Luo Chong's solution is to discharge the whole straw outward, which is more useful. If it must be chopped, it can be chopped separately later. The grain is directly sprayed and then placed in a bag.
However, when Luo Chong drew a simple drawing and explained the working principle to everyone, someone raised an objection.
"Chief, I think there is a better solution for packing grain. Grain is wet when it is just harvested. If you pack it in bags and bundle it for transportation, you will have to unpack it and pour it out to dry. It can only be stored after it is dried. The workload in between is also very large. It is totally unnecessary." A member of the agricultural machinery team said bluntly.
"What is your suggestion? If you have any ideas, just say it directly. Let's discuss it. Everyone has the right to speak and everyone can express their opinions." Luo Chong did not get upset at being interrupted, but encouraged him instead.
"Yes, my idea is that since the grain bucket cannot be carried on the vehicle body, we can just hang a grain bucket externally. We can weld a frame with steel bars or iron bars, cover it with iron sheets, and calculate the weight of the grain to determine the volume of the grain bucket. Because it is hung on the side of the vehicle body, we have to control the weight of the fully loaded grain bucket so as not to overturn the vehicle.
"When the bucket is full, we will stop the car and put it down, then replace it with an empty one. The full grain bucket will be left in place, and then we can use a loader or other machinery to empty it into the dump truck mounted on the tractor. When the truck is full, we will send it directly to the threshing ground and use a dump truck with a tipping bucket to directly empty it. This will save a lot of manpower. "
After that person finished speaking about his idea, everyone began to discuss it in a low voice, and then all nodded, indicating that this plan had great practical value. Luo Chong thought about it and felt that it was okay, so he nodded in agreement.
"In that case, the plan for the grain harvester has been finalized. We will use the loader body as a platform and develop a grain harvester as soon as possible. In this way, we can rotate corn and wheat in the test field."
Seeing that everyone nodded in agreement, Luo Chong made a summary and confirmed this new research and development project. Then he took out another drawing and said to everyone again.
"Then next, let's discuss the corn harvester. The corn harvester is more complicated. Let's think of a solution together."
Modern corn harvesters can be divided into two types in terms of structure, one is integrated and the other is portable; the integrated type is easy to understand, that is, it is a harvester with a single function and can only be used to harvest corn, and the portable type is also called backpack type or external type, which is generally hung on the side of a tractor for use.
The two models have their own characteristics. In terms of efficiency, of course the integrated type is the highest, which can harvest sixteen rows of corn at a time, with an operating width of twelve meters. The corn stalks are swallowed in the front, and the corn kernels and crushed stalks are directly discharged from the back.
The advantages of portable are that they are small and easy to use, and can adapt to complex terrains. Portable machines can go where large machines cannot. In addition, portable machines have low costs and are suitable for popularization among the people, while large integrated machines can only serve large farms.
However, in the case of the Han tribe, neither of these two is suitable. First of all, they are portable and too inefficient. Moreover, the saying that they are low-cost and suitable for popularization among the people is not applicable in the Han tribe. Ordinary people cannot afford to buy tractors, and even if they buy them, they cannot afford to maintain them. They don’t even have tractors. What’s the use of this kind of external harvester? It’s better to pay rent and hire official agricultural machinery to help harvest.
The most suitable corn harvester for the Han tribe is of course an all-in-one machine. The cost doesn’t matter. Anyway, they produce and sell it to themselves. No matter how expensive it is, it’s only the cost price.
However, the Han tribe does not have the technology to produce an all-in-one machine. To be precise, there is no suitable platform.
The corn harvester is different from the grain harvester. Its front does not have the iron bar grass roller, but is like a large comb. The space between each tooth of the comb is where the corn stalks are swallowed.
As for the principle, it is still similar to the grain harvester, but it is more complicated.
Below is the receiving tray, which must be there, and then there is a row of rotating blades, which are specially used to cut corn stalks at the root, which is similar, but the others are different. Because the corn stalks are too high, a conical gear-shaped reamer must be placed between each feeding comb tooth to swallow the cut corn stalks one bite at a time, and quickly lower its height until the whole corn stalk is rolled in.
In the process of swallowing the material downward, a layer of iron grate must be added in the middle to pull the corn cobs off the stalks. The final result is that the stalks are rolled into the machine as a whole, and the corn cobs are left in the middle layer above, thereby achieving the separation of grain and stalks.
The above is just the front part of the harvester.
The middle is the processing part that is similar to the grain harvester. Either use several interlaced knife rollers to cut the stalks into pieces, or discharge them as a whole. However, even if the whole stalk comes out, it must be crooked, because it has been rolled by the reamer when it is at the front of the car, so it is better to cut it into pieces and spray it out directly.
Then there is the processing of corn. It is very troublesome to thresh corn. It is different from grains. Grains are in the shape of ears. They can be separated by directly breaking them and blowing them with a blower. However, corn cobs are wrapped in several layers of husks
, which are wrapped tightly. The job of the front of the car is just to chop the straw and break off the cobs. If you want to thresh the corn later, you have to peel the cobs first and then thresh them. But these are two steps. One more step means one more system, and one more system takes up more space.
But it is obvious that there is no extra space on the loader made based on the tractor to accommodate two systems. It is still the same problem. It is impossible to achieve unless the body is lengthened.
Therefore, the corn harvester proposed by Luo Chong can only leave the finished product at the stage of unhusked corn cobs. In other words, the car spits out husked corn cobs and does not have the threshing function. The threshing of corn needs to be achieved by other machines, but this is not difficult to make.
As for the final method of corn collection, the grain harvester method was still used, but this time it was changed to an external bucket truck with wheels. When a cart of corn cobs was full, another one was replaced. Finally, the corn cobs were collected and transported away in a dump truck.
As for corn threshing, it was actually very simple. Just put the cobs between several rollers and rotate them, or make a metal cage, put the corn in and rub it against the cage wall, and the corn kernels can be broken off.
After determining the plan for the harvester and thresher, Luo Chong asked everyone again.
"This is almost the plan. You can handle the other specific details. As long as it can be used and is efficient, if you have any questions now, ask them quickly before I leave."
Everyone did not answer immediately after hearing this, but quickly examined the two drawings and discussed in a low voice. After about two minutes, someone raised a question.
"Chief, there is nothing wrong with this grain harvester, but the front of this corn harvester is too complicated and has too many moving parts. According to your standards, a front has to swallow more than a dozen rows of corn at the same time. Each row of corn requires at least four moving parts, a rotary knife for cutting, a rotating paddle for swallowing, and at least two reamers to roll the stalks in.
"This structure is too complicated. Not only will the weight of the front be very heavy, but there are too many moving parts, and the transmission mechanism will only be more complicated. Whether it is a hard connection or a soft connection of gears and chains, each row of corn has four moving parts, and the whole row has sixty or seventy moving parts. If all these parts are to work in coordination at the same time, the transmission system will be heavy and troublesome."
Luo Chong couldn't help laughing when he heard this, "I just praised you for finally getting your heads around and knowing how to use existing materials and technologies flexibly, but you forgot about it in the blink of an eye. "
Everyone looked at each other in bewilderment when they heard this. For a moment, they couldn't think of any existing technology that could be used on it. After all, there were dozens of parts running synchronously, and the transmission system would definitely double in weight and have a complex structure.
For mechanical things, the more complex the structure, the easier it is to break, and it is difficult to repair if it breaks, so the simpler the design should be, the better.
Seeing that no one responded, Luo Chong couldn't help but sigh and said.
"Since you think the transmission is complicated, then use the simplest air transmission. Do you know about air hammers and pneumatic screwdrivers? Wouldn't it be better to replace the screwdriver head in front with a reamer?
"You can connect a rubber air pipe to each set of motion units, and then link each set of rotary cutters and reamers through connecting rods or gears, and then install an air compressor on the steam engine at the back. In this way, only a dozen hollow hoses are needed to solve the transmission problem of dozens of moving parts on the front of the car."
Everyone opened their mouths into an O shape immediately after hearing this, looking as if they had suddenly realized something.
It turns out that this is possible? !
The leader's mind is really flexible!
I went to the dentist during the day, and the pain was killing me. I haven't eaten for two days, and I can only sleep for a while at night after taking painkillers. Today I went to the hospital to drill a hole, and burned the nerve. The pain is finally gone. I ate dinner and immediately came to write. Well, I will try not to delay the update today.
(End of this chapter)
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