Chapter 479 Land Granting System (5400 chapters, please vote and subscribe)
Luo Chong sneered, and of course he would not agree to the "suggestion" proposed by Zhan Mao. If he really wanted to leave them all here, maybe Zhan Mao would run away with his people as soon as Luo Chong left, and plant food for the Han tribe here?
Well, this place has been irrigated by the river water for half a year, and the terrain is flat, which is indeed very suitable for growing rice. However, the Han tribe has no time to go here to develop it now. It is still too far. It takes two days to row a boat, and it is almost four or five hundred kilometers away, which is four times more than the distance from Hanyang County to Liuyang County. It is better to take these people back and develop their own one acre and three mu of land first.
In this way, Luo Chong ignored Zhan Mao's suggestion and just waited for the fleet to return, and then took people away in batches.
There are hundreds of people in the rescue team downstream of the dam. The remaining people of the Han tribe and the Nian tribe on the "island" also have 200 people. There are now a total of 25 boats. Even so, it will take at least three trips to send all the people back. Taking advantage of this time, Luo Chong also carefully scouted the restored river channel and the surrounding terrain, and named the surrounding places.
The Rushui River originates from the Snow Mountain Range in the north, but it is only one of its tributaries. This has been confirmed by Youye's reconnaissance team; Liuyang County is located on the west bank of the Liuyang River. Liuyang starts from the Daze, and the water source flows out from the swamp wetland lake in the east, and then goes all the way south, splitting into two water systems, one winding to the southeast, and the other winding to the southwest, and finally meets the Rushui River, merging into a river, entering the canyon and rushing downstream. Where the final destination is, it is not yet clear.
But now it is enough to know these. We can directly name it after the river. The culprit of the falling boulder that formed the barrier lake is the 300-meter-long canyon. Because both sides of the canyon are cliffs carved by knives and axes, and the river is in the middle. The cliffs are high and the water is deep, and there is no sunlight all day long, so Luo Chong called it "Wuxia", which means a pitch-black canyon.
As for the river formed by the confluence of two rivers, it is called "Jinsha River" because of the gold sand in the river.
The canyon and the river are famous, and the place name cannot be left out. The plain formed by the flood on this side of the canyon is the place where the sticky tribe once stayed. Because the three rivers nearby converge and the water produces gold, it is called "Jinchuan".
To the east of Jinchuan is a large dense forest with many towering ancient trees. The two places are opposite each other across the river, and Luo Chong called them "giant trees".
This place has gold, wood, a river and a large fertile plain. To be honest, it is really suitable to set up two counties to live. If there are people, the flames here will never stop, and the five elements will be complete. Of course
, Luo Chong is not superstitious. He just has a view on the surrounding resources. It is not known whether there are metal veins around, but it is true that there is gold in the river, but it is not very useful. However, there are large fertile plains in Jinchuan. If used to grow food, it can feed hundreds of thousands of people.
The giant trees opposite Jinchuan are rich in forest resources and close to the Jinsha River. Some docks can be set up, and local materials can be used to cut down giant trees for shipbuilding. The local people can develop manufacturing and enrich the lives of the people in Jinchuan on the other side. Jinchuan can also provide a lot of food to feed the giant trees on the other side. The two complement each other and are definitely a good place for development.
Moreover, the two places are close to the Jinsha River and are located in the lower reaches of the Rushui River and the Liuyang River. It only takes two or three days to reach the three counties of Hanyang, Ruyang and Liuyang by water, and the transportation is also extremely convenient.
It's a pity that Luo Chong now thinks everything is good, but he just doesn't have enough manpower.
Well, this time he should find a way to quickly absorb the population.
After three transports, about 12 days later, Luo Chong, Zhan Mao, Zhan Ying and others took the last fleet back to Hanyang City.
At the moment of landing, Zhan Mao was very confused. The Nian tribe was also a tribe that planted glutinous rice. They also needed to slash and burn every spring, but the farming method of the Han tribe he saw now overturned his worldview.
Two straight artificial rivers and hundreds of ditches divided the flat land on the shore into pieces of fields. Thousands of people worked together in the fields. The number of people alone was enough to shock Zhan Mao beyond words.
But this is nothing. The most important thing is the way the Han tribe farms. People drive hundreds of wild animals, including cows, horses, and donkeys. They have collars around their necks and a wooden object tied to their backs with ropes. People hold the wooden frame with one hand and wave a thorn with the other hand to drive the wild animals forward. Every time they pass by, they leave a deep gully behind them, as if something in the soil has turned the soil up.
Why do they have to turn the soil? Isn't it enough to poke a hole in the soil, sow a few seeds, and step on it? Are they tired of turning all the soil like this
? Can the grain grown in this way grow more?
Zhan Mao was puzzled, but none of this mattered. The important thing was that the Han tribe also grew rice. Although it looked different, it should be planted in water, but their fields were so far away from the water, could they still grow rice?
But soon Zhan Mao got the answer. Some of the land that had been plowed had been rotted by someone. It was made of various feces and straw hay piled up and fermented, then diluted with water, and finally thrown into the field with a shovel, and then pulled by livestock to rake and rake it flat. Finally, someone dug a canal with a shovel, and the field was immediately covered by river water. Those lands far away from the river were turned into paddy fields by them. It was incredible.
Zhan Mao was familiar with the process of sowing seeds. The Han tribe also sowed seeds directly, but the sowing was very dense, and only a few plots of land were sown, and the rest were still empty. This planting method confused Zhan Mao again.
In addition, the places near the river were turned into paddy fields, but there were also many dry fields in the places slightly away from the river. There were no artificial rivers there, only a few small canals, but they were enough to irrigate the land.
And the crops planted there were not rice, but some seeds that Zhan Mao had never seen before. He knew that the Han tribe had other crops.
"See? The land on the other side of the river is planted with the glutinous rice brought by your tribe." Luo Chong, who was next to Zhan Mao, pointed to the land on the east bank of the Rushui River and said.
Following Luo Chong's guidance, Zhan Mao also saw the east bank. There were indeed many people farming there, and they were people Zhan Mao was very familiar with
. They were all members of the Nian tribe. There were also some members of the Han tribe next to them, who taught them how to plow the land with livestock and how to use various farm tools. Zhan Mao was stunned and looked at Luo Chong with an inquiring look.
"Yes, when they just came back, I started to ask people to teach them how to farm, and all the seeds you brought have been sown on the east bank, not a single one is left." Luo Chong said affirmatively.
Zhan Mao immediately gave up. Want to run? That's impossible. Luo Chong used up all their seeds. Even if he took people away now, there would not be a single grain to plant. Who among the tribesmen would follow him then?
Besides, after seeing the prosperity and strength of the Han tribe through Ying Rui's propaganda in Hanyang City, they were reluctant to leave. In addition, Luo Chong had someone bring back the news that Zhan Mao, the leader of the sticky tribe, had decided to lead all the tribesmen to join the Han tribe. Now they would not leave.
But they could not stay. Luo Chong would completely separate them and break them up, and then assign them to different cities.
However, this matter cannot be done recklessly. It must be boiled in warm water. It is necessary to achieve the purpose of breaking them up, but also not let them feel disgusted and rebound. The best solution to this kind of thing is to get married and separate the family.
This is what Luo Chong always wanted to do but failed to do before. Now, with the support of the household registration system, it can be realized in the Han tribe.
Back in the city, Luo Chong took Zhan Ying to his home and asked Xiaodie to take care of her, and then he plunged into the office building in the center of the city.
In the office on the top floor of the county government, Luo Chong saw several thick "yellow books", that is, household registration forms, on the table.
These were all sent by Luo Chong from Liuyang County during the flood control period. Since Liuyang County set up a labor market last year, it attracted a large number of people to build Liuyang County with various living materials, and also attracted many tribes to join.
In one year, from the initial 7,000 people, plus 1,000 cannibal slaves, now after statistics, the total population of Liuyang County has reached 34,276 people, with a total of 7,617 households.
The three towns of the entire Liuyang County are already the most populous county in the Han tribe, but the productivity is still not as good as that of Hanyang County. The main reason is that there are too many new people. More than 34,000 people, at least half of them are not working.
In order to prevent Liuyang County from becoming bigger and stronger and out of Luo Chong's control, and because Liuyang County has little arable land and a large population, in order to reduce the pressure on Liuyang County, Luo Chong immediately issued an order to let Dashu mobilize 2,500 new people who worked in Liuyang County last year to migrate to Hanyang County after the spring plowing.
This needs attention. Luo Chong is talking about 2,500 households. The new people have an average of 4.5 people per household. 2,500 households means more than 10,000 people, which is equivalent to one-third of the total population of Liuyang County. These people are "workers" who have joined Liuyang County for more than half a year. They can be quickly put into production if they are transferred to other places.
Luo Chong's plan is to put these people in Ruyang County and Fuma Pass to fill the vacancies of the two new cities. In this way, the remaining 20,000 people in Liuyang County, except for the earliest 8,000 old people, are the group of newcomers who joined in late autumn and early winter last year. Most of them have not even learned Chinese yet, so they will stay there and let Liuyang County continue to teach them.
This move of bleeding will not be easy for Liuyang County to get up again. It will take at least two years. In addition to the city and houses, the fields have been reclaimed. In terms of personnel, it is basically necessary to start all over again.
On the other hand, when Liuyang County was notified to move 2,500 households, the news that the two northern tribal alliances came south to surrender to the Han tribe was also sent back by the two garrisons stationed there with flying eagles.
The ice and snow had melted, and all the people of the alliance began to move south with a large number of livestock, hoping that Luo Chong would be ready to receive them. What made Luo Chong overjoyed was that these people were not poor. They domesticated a lot of plateau wild donkeys and alpacas, as well as a few big-horned deer, and even a few yaks.
The two alliances did not raise cattle originally. Wild buffaloes were difficult to catch, and they had bad tempers and sharp horns. Even if they were caught, they were not easy to tame.
However, Luo Chong sent two garrisons. Although the number was small, they brought them the experience of the Han tribe in catching, raising and training cattle, and successfully spread the artifact of the nose ring to the northern plateau. Therefore, during the six months of waiting for migration, they captured hundreds of live wild yaks in the local area under the leadership of the Han tribe soldiers.
Luo Chong was very happy and immediately wrote back to them, saying that he would send people to the north to meet them. If there were any difficulties, they could tell him and the Han tribe would find a way to solve them.
This task naturally fell on Youye, who had once gone north. No one was more familiar with the terrain in the north than him.
However, with the increase in population and the coins that had been minted for a whole winter, the private ownership of the Han tribe was officially put on the agenda.
On the first day of spring in the new year, Luo Chong went south to control the flood, so he missed the New Year's sacrifice. However, Luo Chong was not going to make up for it. He directly announced that this year's sacrifice would be changed to a general meeting, which would be held after the spring plowing in January. The great Han tribe leader Luo Chong would have important things to announce.
For a time, during the spring plowing season, the tribesmen who were busy and idle began to discuss and speculated about what the leader was going to announce.
Luo Chong had not yet determined what to announce. He was still writing plans and speeches at home.
The main purpose of this national meeting was to promote private ownership. Thanks to the implementation of the population census, the Han tribe finally had the ability to extend the imperial power to households.
First of all, after the household registration was counted, all the "citizens" with household registration in the Han tribe's jurisdiction were subject to military control. Five households formed a group and ten households formed a ten. In the future, whether it was labor service or tax collection, it would all be implemented by this system, and then passed on step by step.
The second is to promote private ownership. Of course, if we rashly change from public ownership to private ownership, the tribesmen will not be used to it, and they may not even know what they should do. Therefore, private ownership should be gradually promoted. The most important one is to divide the land.
However, there is no problem with dividing the land, but how to divide the land is a question of the survival of the country. For example, in the Ming Dynasty in history, the Ming Dynasty can be said to be the most powerful dynasty ruled by the Han people, but a large part of the reason for its final demise was due to land annexation.
The nobles and the rich engaged in land annexation, bought land at low prices in disaster years, hoarded grain and raised prices, causing the people to lose their own land and become tenants of the landlords. Their lives were extremely miserable. In addition, during the Little Ice Age, various natural disasters and plagues were rampant, and the people could not survive and finally rebelled.
In order to avoid this from happening, Luo Chong decided to follow the Qin system, which is actually the same as the modern system, that is, the land grant system. The ownership of the land belongs to the state. No private person, no matter who you are, is allowed to buy and sell land privately. The people only have the right to use the land, not the ultimate ownership.
The state gives you a piece of land. Yes, you can say that this piece of land is yours, but isn't your land also on the state's territory? So your land still belongs to the state.
Then there are a series of plans around the land granting system. The first is the national standard for land. For the convenience of calculation, the latest national standard changes the total area of one mu of land to 600 square meters. One hundred mu is one pond, and the area of one mu is no longer the original 666.66 square meters. After
that, it is about how to grant land and how much land each person is granted.
Luo Chong's plan is to receive land according to the 20th level of merit and nobility. However, the matter of nobility has to be written together with the book "Han Li", so it is not very useful for the time being. For now, let's first determine the land granting system for the lower-class people.
The most common people in the Han tribe were given 20 mu of land for each adult. Of course, based on 600 square meters, it would be about 10 mu in modern terms. However, the Han tribe planted high-yield crops such as rice and corn. Grain could be harvested twice a year at least, and even three times if it was done well. As long as they were willing to work hard, 20 mu of land could feed a family of ten without any problems, and there would be a lot left over.
In fact, according to the current grain output of the Han tribe, if one mu of land is planted with rice or corn, the output of one season is enough for one person to eat for a year, and the grain planted in the second season can be stored or even sold.
Each adult was given 20 mu of land. If these 20 mu of land were used to plant two seasons of grain, assuming that there were ten people in this household, in addition to their own food, they would have at least 3/4 of the grain left over, which could be used to exchange for money, buy oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, send their children to school, buy pens, ink, paper, and inkstones, and give gifts for weddings and funerals, as well as pay agricultural taxes.
The agricultural tax of the Han tribe is also collected from grain. The current tax rate is 4/10, which means that if your family's land collects 1,000 kilograms of grain, you have to pay 400 kilograms of grain as agricultural tax. In addition to grain, there is also a head tax, which is often called "mouth tax" in ancient times, which is about 50 kilograms of grain.
Don't think this tax is too heavy, there are other benefits as a supplement.
Adult men are allocated 20 mu of land, which can only be used to grow rice, millet (corn), wheat, and beans, these four crops, as the main source of food.
Men have land, and women naturally have to have land. Adult women are also allocated 20 mu of land, but it is auxiliary land, which literally means that it plays an auxiliary role.
Men grow grain, and women's auxiliary land is used to grow mulberry, hemp, peanuts, vegetables, lacquer grass, and other economic crops. One is to provide other sources of raw materials. In addition, growing some vegetables can also satisfy their own consumption. Planting peanuts can also be sent to the oil mill for oil extraction. In short, they are all useful.
However, since you have obtained the state's land, you naturally have to pay taxes. The taxes on women's auxiliary fields are naturally not a bunch of vegetables. They are mainly hemp skin, silk (this is mainly collected from mulberry and silkworm breeding), natural lacquer, and lacquer grass seeds that can be used to press oil and make printing ink. What to collect depends on what you grow.
However, with such heavy taxes, the common people basically can't save anything all year round, so what should they do? Here comes the important thing.
Children also have to be divided into fields. If a boy is born, he will be given five acres of grain fields, and if a girl is born, she will be given five acres of auxiliary fields. Moreover, these lands are not taxed. In addition, considering that the sanitary and medical conditions are poor in these years and many children die prematurely, Luo Chong has stipulated that when a child grows up to six years old, five acres of land will be added.
In other words, if the adults raise the child well and raise the child to six years old, the child can be divided into ten acres of land, which is also tax-free land.
Of course, this is also because there is no tax on the surface. The Han tribe promotes universal education and does not pay money. Even if there is no tuition, doesn't it cost money to buy pens, ink, and paper? Although the government won't give this money, then we can use the ten mu of land given to the children. In short, the wool comes from the sheep.
The land for these children is five mu for children under six years old. Five mu is given immediately for each child born. It is also tax-free land. This is done to encourage childbirth. The more children you have, the more land you have.
What if there is too much land to grow?
Hehehe, it's easy.
(End of this chapter)
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