3. How did Marx and Engels criticize, inherit, and innovate the achievements of human civilization?
4. Why are dialectical materialism and historical materialism the most fundamental theoretical characteristics of Marxism?
5. How do you understand that representing the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of people is the most distinctive political position of Marxism?
6. How to understand the theoretical quality of Marxism that keeps pace with the times?
7. Why is the realization of communism considered the highest social ideal of Marxism?
8. How do you understand that Marxism is the unity of scientificity and revolutionary nature?
Chapter 1 Questions for Thought
1. What is a worldview? Why are worldviews and methodologies unified?
2. What is the content and significance of basic philosophical questions?
3. How do you understand the dialectical materialist view of matter and its significance? What is the origin, nature, and function of consciousness?
4. What are the relationships between matter and motion, motion and stillness, and time, space, and material motion?
5. How do we understand the nature, characteristics, and forms of practice? What are the subject, object, and intermediary of practice?
6. Why is it said that the essence of social life is practical?
7. What are the characteristics of dialectical materialism? What are the basic categories of dialectical materialism? What is the concept and characteristics of connection? What is the essence of development? What is the methodological significance of connection and development?
8. How do you understand the principle of dialectical materialism regarding the invincibility of new things?
9. What is a contradiction? How do we understand the identity and struggle of contradictions and their interrelationship? Why is contradiction the source and driving force of the development of things?
10. How do we understand the principle of the universality and particularity of contradictions and their dialectical relationship? What is the significance of adhering to this principle in building socialism with Chinese characteristics?
11. How do we understand quantitative and qualitative changes and their mutual transformation in the process of development? What significance does upholding the principle of the dialectical relationship between quantitative and qualitative change have for revolution, construction, and reform?
12. What is the dialectical view of negation? What is the significance of adhering to this principle in practical work?
13. How do we understand that the development of things is a unity of progress and tortuousness? What significance does adhering to this principle have for our firm belief in the ideals and convictions of socialism and communism?
14. How do we understand laws and their objectivity? How do we understand the dialectical relationship between subjective initiative and objective laws? What is the significance of adhering to this principle in building socialism with Chinese characteristics?
Chapter 2 Questions for Thought
1. Why is practice the basis of knowledge?
2. Applying the principle of the relationship between practice and cognition, analyze how the development of the Internet has affected people’s thinking and concepts.
3. How do you understand that dialectical materialism epistemology is a theory of active reflection?
4. How to understand sensory knowledge, rational knowledge and their dialectical relationship?
5. Why is the second leap in the process of cognition more significant and important?
6. How do we understand the repetitiveness and infinity of the cognitive process?
7. What is the significance of adhering to the basic principles of dialectical materialism in upholding the Party’s mass line?
8. How to understand truth and its objectivity?
9. How do we understand the absoluteness and relativity of truth and their dialectical relationship? What significance does studying this principle have for inheriting, upholding, and developing Marxism?
10. Why is practice the sole criterion for testing truth? How do we understand the certainty and uncertainty of the practice criterion?
11.How do you understand philosophical values and their characteristics?
12. How to understand the dialectical unity of truth and value?
13. How do we understand the relationship between understanding the world and transforming it? What is the significance of studying dialectical materialism in deepening our understanding of the Party's ideological line?
Chapter 3 Questions for Thought
1. Why are historical materialism and historical idealism two fundamentally opposing historical views?
2. How do we understand the principle of social existence, social consciousness, and their dialectical relationship? What significance does studying this principle have for us in upholding the guiding role of Marxism?
3. How to understand the general nature of social consciousness and its relative independence?
4. How to understand the principles of productivity, production relations and their dialectical relationship?
5. How do we understand the law that production relations must adapt to the state of productive forces and its significance?
6. How to understand the principles of economic base, superstructure and their dialectical relationship?
7. How do we understand the law that the superstructure must adapt to the conditions of the economic base and its significance?
8. In light of the reality of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, consider and analyze the characteristics of the current basic social contradictions in our country and the ways to resolve these contradictions.
9. How do we understand the general laws and specific forms of social formation and its succession? What is the significance of adhering to this principle and of exercising people's initiative in historical choice in practice?
10. Why are basic social contradictions the fundamental driving force of social development?
11. How do you understand the role of science and technology in social development?
12. Why are the people the creators of history? What important role do individuals play in history?
13. In light of some of the hot and difficult issues that concern the general public in our current society, discuss how we should adhere to the views of the masses and put people first in practice.
Chapter 4 Questions for Thought
1. How did capitalist production relations and the capitalist mode of production come into being?
2. How to understand the basic contradictions of the commodity economy based on private ownership?
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