Chapter 276: Itβs Necessary to Give Judging
from the results of the Nobel Prizes in later generations, not to mention the Economics Prize, the Peace Prize and the Literature Prize are naturally influenced by various political factors, and have almost become a platform for Europe and the United States to show political correctness.
Even natural science awards such as physics, chemistry, biology and medicine have been affected to a certain extent. If Zhang Xingjiu plans to win an award, he must face these problems.
First of all, there is the issue of race. Even in later times, racial discrimination in Europe and America has always existed, let alone now? The Nobel Prize in Physics is selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. A bunch of white people are judges, so they will definitely be more inclined to their own race.
So since the Nobel Prize in Physics began to be awarded, the winners in the first thirty years were basically all from Europe and the United States. It was not until 1930 that India's Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman became the first non-European and American scholar to win the prize.
But everyone knows the relationship between India and Britain, and Raman was already a fellow of the Royal Society of London before winning the award and had also received a British knighthood.
Going back further in time, in 1949, Japanese physicist Hideki Yukawa won the award. He was a scholar trained in Japan, but he became a visiting professor at Princeton University the year before he won the award. It is hard to say that his winning was not influenced by this factor.
Zhang Xingjiu is currently studying in France, which is slightly better than being born purely in China, but this does not guarantee that France will help him win awards. They will definitely give priority to scholars who are purely from their own country.
There are also many scholars in France who are qualified to win the award, such as Lippmann, Becquerel who discovered natural radioactivity, and Pierre Curie. Perhaps France will only consider helping Zhang Xingjiu after they have won the awards.
The second is the political impact. In a few years, China will face one of the greatest humiliations in modern times. The Eight-Nation Alliance will attack China. China and France have become hostile countries, so they will be even less likely to help Zhang Xingjiu.
Although Sweden did not directly participate in the war, they would definitely stand on the side of these invaders and would not award Zhang Xingjiu.
Coupled with factors such as personal connections and circle influence, even if Zhang Xingjiu has made achievements worthy of the Nobel Prize, it will be very difficult for him to win the prize.
The discovery of electrons and the impact of blackbody radiation experiments are both achievements worthy of winning the Nobel Prize, but now and in the future, there are still many achievements of similar levels. If people don't give Zhang Xingjiu the award, Zhang Xingjiu will have no good solution.
Because these two achievements do not have an overwhelming advantage compared with the contributions of Marconi, Roentgen, the Curies, Lorentz and others.
By then, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences will have enough reasons to postpone the award for ten years, or even twenty or thirty years. However, it is hard to say how useful this thing will be to Zhang Xingjiu by then.
So it is better to get it as soon as possible. Zhang Xingjiu has already thought of a strategy. At worst, I can snatch all the achievements of the first few Nobel Prize winners in physics and make the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences have no choice but to give it to me.
For any award, the most important thing at the beginning is to establish prestige. The Physics Prize is intended to reward scientists who have made outstanding contributions to the field of human physics. If Zhang Xingjiu's achievements are obviously much higher than other scholars and he has become a figure that other physicists cannot avoid in their research, if he is not given the award, the academic community will question the fairness of the award.
But we can't just copy randomly. Just like the previous idea, we should give priority to the theoretical field and not easily involve the application field. Even if we must involve it, it would be best to be like doing cathode ray experiments and only lead for a short time.
Otherwise, with the industrial advantages of European and American countries, they would definitely be the first to start large-scale industrial applications. What Zhang Xingjiu creates would help European and American countries widen the gap with China, and he would become a historical sinner.
Having determined this principle, Zhang Xingjiu directly screened the achievements of the first few Nobel Prize winners in physics based on his memory.
The first winner was Roentgen from Germany. He won the award alone in 1901 for his discovery of X-rays. This is a bit of a pity. When he discovered X-rays, Zhang Xingjiu was still studying at Xuhui Public School and did not have sufficient experimental conditions to snatch the award.
Then came Lorentz and Zeeman. Lorentz successfully explained the magnetic splitting of atomic spectra recently discovered by Zeeman using electron theory.
Lorentz concluded that the phenomenon was caused by the vibration of negative electrons in atoms. The charge-to-mass ratio of negative electrons that he derived theoretically was consistent with the results obtained by Thomson from cathode ray experiments the following year. Due to the discovery and explanation of the Zeeman effect, Lorentz and Zeeman shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics.
The experiment has now been completed, and the paper explaining Lorentz's explanation has been published, so Zhang Xingjiu has no way to snatch it away.
The third winners were Becquerel and the Curies. The former had already completed his experiment, and the latter two had a good relationship with Zhang Xingjiu and were embarrassed to snatch the prize. Moreover, purifying radioactive materials was very dangerous, and Zhang Xingjiu valued his life more and did not intend to get involved.
The fourth winner was the British scientist John William Strathairn, who won the award for his measurements of the density of those important gases and the discovery of argon from these studies, achievements that had been made more than ten years earlier.
By the fifth session, Zhang Xingjiu finally found a suitable target. The winner this time was Philip Lenard, professor of theoretical physics at Heidelberg University. Like Perrin, Wien and Thomson, he confirmed that cathode rays are composed of negatively charged particles. However, Lenard published "On the Electrostatic Properties of Cathode Rays" in 1898, which gave him priority for this discovery and won the prize.
Now Zhang Xingjiu has also completed a similar experiment and used a paper to prove the existence of electrons, thus snatching the opportunity from the sixth winner Thomson. Next, he only needs to slightly change the experimental plan, accurately measure the electrostatic properties of cathode rays, and then write a paper and publish it, so that he can get ahead of Leonard and get the opportunity to win the award this time.
The award-winning achievements of the seventh winner Michelson and the eighth winner Lippmann were also born long ago.
The ninth winners, Marconi and Braun, made their award-winning contributions to the cathode ray tube and radio, which also happened to be Zhang Xingjiu's research areas. They completed these two achievements in 1897 and 1898.
Zhang Xingjiu can keep a close eye on their movements, formulate his own experimental plan, and intercept them at the right time. If he can achieve his goal just one or two months ahead of them, he can get his third Nobel Prize.
The tenth winner, Van der Waals, also completed his formula.
The eleventh winner happened to be an acquaintance of Zhang Xingjiu, Wien, who invented the Wien formula, so he could also grab this achievement.
Zhang Xingjiu won four awards in the first eleven sessions. If the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences does not award him the award, that would be unreasonable, right?
There will be more later γγ γ (end of this chapter)
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