The Moon Pyramid is rectangular in shape, 150 meters long from east to west, 120 meters long from north to south, 46 meters high, and divided into 5 floors. It is the second largest building in the Teotihuacan ruins after the Sun Pyramid. It is located in the north of the Teotihuacan ruins and resembles the outline of a cerrogordo. There is also a building hidden inside the Moon Pyramid that is older than the Sun Pyramid - it existed in 200 BC.

The Pyramid of the Moon was built between 450 and 200 BC. On the front, there are steps leading to the Road of the Dead. On top of the pyramid, there is an altar used to worship Chalchiuhtlicue (the goddess of rivers and lakes, and also the patron saint of fertility). Opposite the altar is the Temple of the Moon.

The colorful stones that make up the pyramid. The Moon Temple is not fully open to tourists to climb. So Yunluo only went to the first level.

Archaeologists have dug tunnels into the pyramid and discovered that the people of Teotihuacan were fond of new and old architectural achievements. Over the centuries, the pyramid has undergone at least six renovations, with each new building being larger than the previous one and covering the old one.

The Pyramid of the Sun, viewed from afar by the Moon Pyramid, is still tall and majestic. Although the Moon Pyramid is smaller in scale, it is finely constructed, with each of its more than 200 steps having a different inclination angle.

To the south of the Moon Pyramid is the Butterfly Palace, which is the residence of religious elites and dignitaries, and is also the most gorgeous place in the city. The columns are engraved with extremely delicate butterfly wings and bird bodies, which are still brightly colored.

Under the palace, a conch temple decorated with beautiful feathers has been excavated. The underground drainage system of this ancient monument is crisscrossed and dense like a spider web.

However, I believe there are more mysteries hidden under these weeds and cacti. As mentioned earlier, the city of Teotihuacán welcomed its first settlers around 800 BC. At its peak, the city had 100,000 residents, and its influence extended hundreds of kilometers away, including today's Guatemala. It became the most prosperous city in Central America at the time. Until the 7th century AD, for some unknown reason, the ancient city was abandoned, and when people left here, they tried desperately to bury the city. Before the arrival of the Aztecs, this city, which may have been the largest in North America, was already desolate.

A woman preparing to climb a pyramid. A Mexican souvenir vendor.

After visiting the famous attractions in the ruins, Yunluo reminds you to appreciate the cacti that can be seen everywhere. The cactus is one of the patterns on the national emblem of Mexico. Its height really shocked Yunluo.

Does anyone know how many secrets of prehistoric civilization are buried under this patch of weeds and cacti? The colorful fruits of cacti are very beautiful. I remember that the cacti at home were supposed to produce beautiful flowers and fruits. Would the cacti here only produce colorful fruits without blooming?

Souvenirs sold in the heritage park. The mysterious pattern in the middle can be found on almost all souvenirs. What does it mean? Yunluo's next stop will give you the answer. A very enthusiastic vendor. Gladly accept Yunluo's photo.

Finally, here are two common Spanish words that you will definitely need when traveling: entrada means entrance. It is similar to the English word entry, right? Hehe. The exit is called salida.

Travel Tips: After visiting Teotihuacan, go out of the exit and wait for the bus across the street. You can wait for the first bus. This 130 will take you back to the city.

Taking a first-class bus from Teotihuacan, where the Sun and Moon Pyramids are located, back to the city, Yunluo did not take the bus to the terminal, the Northern Bus Station, but got off at the deportivo 18 demarzomisterios station - the driver might stop. Because many people get off here, this is the intersection of Metro Line 6 and Line 3, and it is easy to transfer to other places.

Next, Yunluo changed to Line 7 and went to Auditorio Station. The word Auditorio looks a lot like the English word Auditor, but the literal translation is Auditorium - this is a large venue, like a place for large-scale performances. On the steps in front of the venue sat a girl reading a book.

The National Museum of Anthropology is nearby - in fact, it is not that close. It takes more than 10 minutes to walk from the Auditorio subway station to the National Museum of Anthropology. It is recommended to write down the places you go so that you can ask people when you come out. Yunluo spent a lot of time studying the map before he figured it out.

There are many tall trees on the way to the National Museum. When you are almost at the Museum of Anthropology, there is a huge human-shaped building in the middle of the road. Since it is called the National Museum of Anthropology, it means that it is a collection of human science and culture. This shows the diversity of human civilization that once existed in Mexico, a not very vast land.

Tickets to the Museum of Humanity are also N$48. There are several pavilions inside. The first one is called Culturasdeoccidente, which translates to Western Culture Pavilion. It may refer to the humans living in western Mexico. This posture is very typical in the unearthed artifacts in Mexico, and you will see it later.

These two cute deformed dolls would be very popular even in the current market. I am amazed that prehistoric Mexicans could create such cute things. It is a bit abstract, but it is definitely a Mexican mural.

The Mayan civilization is an ancient civilization located in the southeastern Mexico, Guatemala and Yucatan Peninsula in Central and South America. Contrary to legend, the Mayans have never disappeared; there are still three million Mayans living in the Yucatan Peninsula. Many people can still speak Mayan languages ​​today. The Mayans never had a unified and powerful kingdom. The entire Mayan region was divided into hundreds of city-states. However, the Mayan states belonged to the same cultural circle in terms of language, religious beliefs, customs and traditions.

Use unique hieroglyphics: Mayan writing Mayan civilization belongs to the Stone Age civilization. The Mayans did not invent and use bronze, let alone iron.

Most Mayan city-states in the Classical Period attached great importance to recording history. Most city-states would erect various monuments at regular intervals. Today's archaeologists have learned about the history of Mayan civilization through these memorial tablets. Because the Mayan calendar is quite accurate, today's historians can even know the exact dates of many events. For example, King Shibatu of Copan was beheaded on May 3, 738 AD after his defeat. For example, King Pakal of Palenque was born on March 6, 603 AD, ascended the throne on July 19, 615 AD when he was twelve years old, and died on August 30, 684 AD. Such accurate historical records are truly unmatched by other ancient and disappeared civilizations in the world.

The Mayan civilization created a highly developed urban civilization. Mathematics used the vigesimal system and discovered and used the concept of "zero" (another theory is that it was taught by the Olmecs).

The largest city-state of the Maya in the Classical Period, Tikal, had an area of ​​more than 65 square kilometers, with more than 3,000 pyramids, altars, steles and other relics; the area affected was 500 square kilometers, and in its central area alone, there were more than a dozen large pyramids and more than 50 small temples. The amazing design of the Tikal Pyramid, with a slope of 70°, and its appearance is as steep as a Gothic church in Europe, so some people call it the "Jungle Cathedral". In that era without advanced tools, how the huge stones were cut and transported to the depths of the jungle, and then the stones weighing more than ten tons were piled up to a height of 70 meters, which can be called a miracle.

Since many buildings were used for religious ceremonies such as sacrifices, Mayan architecture is full of numbers related to the laws of celestial movement. For example, the Kukulkan Pyramid is about 30 meters high and surrounded by 91 steps on each side, totaling 364 steps. Together with the Quetzalcoatl Temple on the top of the pyramid, there are 365 steps in total, symbolizing the 365 days in a solar year. In addition to the number of steps, there are 52 four-corner reliefs on each side of the pyramid, representing the 52 years of the Mayan century.

There is no mistake in the poem, post, content, and read the book on 6, 9, and bar!

The city-states of the Classical Maya civilization suddenly and simultaneously declined in the 9th century AD, a phenomenon that is somewhat surprising and whose reasons are still a subject of research by historians. By the 10th century AD, the once prosperous Maya cities were abandoned in the jungle.

Yunluo mentioned earlier that Mexico's history is fragmented. Although there are museums of human history here, it cannot cover up the fragmented and incomplete nightmares in the memories of Mexicans.

The Mayan civilization mentioned in the first two volumes, the western civilization of Mexico, and the Teotihuacan civilization that built the Sun and Moon Pyramids are all prehistoric civilizations in Mexico. They have no direct blood relationship with modern Mexicans, but have survived and died out in the long river of history. This is the biggest difference from China. The history and culture of the Chinese nation have extremely strong coherence and continuity, and have been thriving for thousands of years.

Entering this exhibition hall - the world of them mexica, you will begin to get to know the ancestors of today's Mexicans - the Aztecs. (Spanish: aztēcah, English: aztec)

The Aztecs called themselves Mexica or Tenochca. According to legend, the ancestors of the Aztecs came from a place called Aztlan in the north. They followed the instructions of the sun god Huitzilopochtli and went south to Lake Texcoco in the Anahuac Valley. When they came to the island in the middle of the lake, they saw an eagle holding a snake resting on a cactus. This image told them that they should build a city here. (To be continued...)