Significance: When the LOD value exceeds a certain critical threshold, it can be considered that a QTL exists in the interval. The critical value of LOD is generally between 2 and 3, that is, the likelihood of the presence of a QTL is equivalent to 100 to 1000 times the likelihood of the absence of a QTL.
What is Marker-Assisted Selection?
Using a marker that indicates a certain target trait as a selection criterion is a method of selecting for the target trait.
What does the reliability of target selection using marker-assisted selection depend on?
The tightness of linkage between molecular markers and target genes
What are the prerequisites for background selection using molecular marker-assisted selection? (I'm not sure about this answer either; it's on page 281 of the textbook.)
The composition of each chromosome must be known, which requires that the markers used for selection can cover the entire genome, that is, there must be a complete molecular marker linkage map
Try to explain the relationship between the accuracy of marker-assisted selection and the recombination rate.
The correct selection rate decreases rapidly with the increase of recombination rate. In other words, the smaller the recombination value, the lower the wrong selection rate.
What are the advantages of molecular marker-assisted selection compared to traditional breeding selection?
(1) Overcoming the difficulties in phenotyping
(2) Allowing early selection
(3) Helps utilize multiple alleles
(4) Allows simultaneous selection of multiple traits
(5) Non-destructive evaluation and selection of properties can be performed
(6) It can speed up the breeding process and improve breeding efficiency
33. Give examples to illustrate the application of molecular markers in crop genetic improvement.
Evaluation of parents using molecular marker technology:
(1) Genetic resource diversity analysis: drawing fingerprints of varieties, genetic diversity and classification research of germplasm resources, innovation and identification of germplasm resources, drawing linkage markers of target trait genes, selecting breeding parents, etc.
(2) Predicting heterosis
(3) Establishing variety DNA fingerprint: variety purity identification and new variety protection
(4) Discovering the excellent genes of wild related species
Marker-assisted selection using molecular marker technology
(1) Auxiliary selection of resistance: The disease resistance gene Xa21 in IRBB21 (resistance to rice bacterial blight) was introduced into the excellent restorer line Minghui 63.
(2) Agronomic trait assisted selection
34. What is the relationship between tissue culture, genetic engineering, and molecular marker technology? How can these technologies be combined to improve crop traits?
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